Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, South Valley University, Qena, 83523, Egypt.
Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Veterinary medicine, Aswan University, Aswan, 81528, Egypt.
BMC Complement Med Ther. 2023 Jul 29;23(1):271. doi: 10.1186/s12906-023-04085-7.
Since cancer is one of the most prevalent diseases in the world, further studies are needed to identify the effective therapeutic modalities. The second deadliest and third most common cancer is colorectal cancer (CRC). Papaya (Carica papaya Linn) seeds offer anti-cancer properties that can cure various types of cancer, such as liver and prostate cancer.
The study aimed to evaluate the anti-cancer activity of Carica papaya seed extract on colorectal cancer cell lines (Caco-2) and used techniques to assess the anti-cancer potential. The effectiveness of SE on cell proliferation and the viability of HTB-37 Caco-2 and C-166 cells were assessed using the MTT test. Real-time RT-PCR was used to measure gene expression levels and evaluate the activity of genes involved in apoptosis, including caspase-3, p53, Cycs, and Bcl-2. Finally, flow cytometry was used to analyze apoptosis induction by detecting changes in cell morphology and DNA content.
The study showed that the MTT reduction assay was dependent on cancer cell type and concentration of SE compared to the control cells and C-166, with a mean IC value of 9.734 ug/ml. The cytotoxicity was accompanied by some morphological alterations in the colorectal cancer cell line (Caco-2). The expression of the genes for p53, Cycs, and caspase-3 was substantially up-regulated, while Bcl-2 was dramatically down-regulated compared to control cells. The cell cycle arrested at the G2-M phase and the presence of early and late apoptotic characteristics post-treatment increased the apoptotic profile.
It concluded that papaya seeds aqueous extract could act as a novel therapeutic option for colorectal cancer (CRC).
由于癌症是世界上最普遍的疾病之一，因此需要进一步的研究来确定有效的治疗方法。第二大致命和第三常见的癌症是结直肠癌（CRC）。木瓜（Carica papaya Linn）种子具有抗癌特性，可治愈各种类型的癌症，如肝癌和前列腺癌。
本研究旨在评估木瓜籽提取物对结直肠癌细胞系（Caco-2）的抗癌活性，并使用技术评估其抗癌潜力。MTT 试验用于评估 SE 对细胞增殖和 HTB-37 Caco-2 和 C-166 细胞活力的影响。实时 RT-PCR 用于测量基因表达水平，并评估参与细胞凋亡的基因（包括 caspase-3、p53、Cycs 和 Bcl-2）的活性。最后，通过检测细胞形态和 DNA 含量的变化来分析凋亡诱导，使用流式细胞术。
研究表明，与对照细胞和 C-166 相比，MTT 还原测定依赖于癌细胞类型和 SE 浓度，其平均 IC 值为 9.734 ug/ml。细胞毒性伴随着结直肠癌细胞系（Caco-2）的一些形态改变。与对照细胞相比，p53、Cycs 和 caspase-3 的基因表达显著上调，而 Bcl-2 则显著下调。细胞周期在 G2-M 期停滞，处理后早期和晚期凋亡特征的出现增加了凋亡谱。
综上所述，木瓜籽水提物可作为结直肠癌（CRC）的一种新的治疗选择。
