Yamini V, Shanmugam Venkatkumar, Rameshpathy M, Venkatraman Ganesh, Ramanathan Gnanasambandan, Al Garalleh Hakim, Hashmi Ahmed, Brindhadevi Kathirvel, Devi Rajeswari V
Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Biosciences and Technology, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore, Tamil Nadu, India.
Department of Mathematical Science, College of Engineering, University of Business and Technology, Dahban, Jeddah, 21361, Saudi Arabia.
Environ Res. 2023 Nov 1;236(Pt 1):116776. doi: 10.1016/j.envres.2023.116776. Epub 2023 Jul 28.
A steadily increasing production volume of nanoparticles reflects their numerous industrial and domestic applications. These economic successes come with the potential adverse effects on natural systems that are associated with their presence in the environment. Biological activities and effects of nanoparticles are affected by their entry method together with their specificities like their size, shape, charge, area, and chemical composition. Particles can be classified as safe or dangerous depending on their specific properties. As both aquatic and terrestrial systems suffer from organic and inorganic contamination, nanoparticles remain a sink for these contaminants. Researching the sources, synthesis, fate, and toxicity of nanoparticles has advanced significantly during the last ten years. We summarise nanoparticle pathways throughout the ecosystem and their interactions with beneficial microorganisms in this research. The prevalence of nanoparticles in the ecosystem causes beneficial microorganisms to become hazardous to their cells, which prevents the synthesis of bioactive molecules from undergoing molecular modifications and diminishes the microbe population. Recently, observed concentrations in the field could support predictions of ambient concentrations based on modeling methodologies. The aim is to illustrate the beneficial and negative effects that nanoparticles have on aqueous and terrestrial ecosystems, as well as the methods utilized to reduce their toxicity.
纳米颗粒产量的稳步增长反映了它们在众多工业和家庭领域的应用。这些经济上的成功伴随着它们在环境中存在而对自然系统产生的潜在不利影响。纳米颗粒的生物活性和效应受到其进入方式以及诸如尺寸、形状、电荷、表面积和化学成分等特性的影响。根据其特定属性，颗粒可被分类为安全或危险的。由于水生和陆地系统都受到有机和无机污染的影响，纳米颗粒仍然是这些污染物的一个归宿。在过去十年中，对纳米颗粒的来源、合成、归宿和毒性的研究有了显著进展。在本研究中，我们总结了纳米颗粒在整个生态系统中的路径及其与有益微生物的相互作用。纳米颗粒在生态系统中的普遍存在导致有益微生物对其细胞产生危害，这阻止了生物活性分子的合成进行分子修饰并减少了微生物种群。最近，实地观测到的浓度可以支持基于建模方法对环境浓度的预测。目的是说明纳米颗粒对水生和陆地生态系统的有益和负面影响，以及用于降低其毒性的方法。
