School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China.
Institute of Orthopedics, the First Medical Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing Key Lab of Regenerative Medicine in Orthopedics, Key Laboratory of Musculoskeletal Trauma & War Injuries PLA, Beijing, 100853, China.
Adv Sci (Weinh). 2023 Sep;10(27):e2207715. doi: 10.1002/advs.202207715. Epub 2023 Jul 30.
The microenvironment and stem cell fate guidance of post-traumatic articular cartilage regeneration is primarily the focus of cartilage tissue engineering. In articular cartilage, stem cells are characterized by overlapping lineages and uneven effectiveness. Within the first 12 weeks after trauma, the articular inflammatory microenvironment (AIME) plays a decisive role in determining the fate of stem cells and cartilage. The development of fibrocartilage and osteophyte hyperplasia is an adverse outcome of chronic inflammation, which results from an imbalance in the AIME during the cartilage tissue repair process. In this review, the sources for the different types of stem cells and their fate are summarized. The main pathophysiological events that occur within the AIME as well as their protagonists are also discussed. Additionally, regulatory strategies that may guide the fate of stem cells within the AIME are proposed. Finally, strategies that provide insight into AIME pathophysiology are discussed and the design of new materials that match the post-traumatic progress of AIME pathophysiology in a spatial and temporal manner is guided. Thus, by regulating an appropriately modified inflammatory microenvironment, efficient stem cell-mediated tissue repair may be achieved.
创伤后关节软骨再生的微环境和干细胞命运导向主要是软骨组织工程的重点。在关节软骨中，干细胞的特征是具有重叠的谱系和不均匀的有效性。在创伤后 12 周内，关节炎症微环境（AIME）在决定干细胞和软骨命运方面起着决定性作用。纤维软骨和骨赘增生的发展是慢性炎症失衡的不良后果，这是由于软骨组织修复过程中 AIME 失衡所致。在这篇综述中，总结了不同类型干细胞的来源及其命运。还讨论了 AIME 内发生的主要病理生理事件及其主角。此外，还提出了可能指导 AIME 内干细胞命运的调节策略。最后，讨论了洞察 AIME 病理生理学的策略，并指导了与 AIME 病理生理学时空进展相匹配的新型材料的设计。因此，通过调节适当修饰的炎症微环境，可以实现有效的基于干细胞的组织修复。
