Liang K Y, Beaty T H, Cohen B H
Am J Epidemiol. 1986 Oct;124(4):678-83. doi: 10.1093/oxfordjournals.aje.a114441.
A regression model for estimating covariate effects on odds ratios to test for familial aggregation of common disease in first-degree relatives of cases and controls is presented and illustrated by using family data from a study of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. These estimators are in essence an extension of the Mantel-Haenszel estimator of odds ratio but do not require the assumption of independence among relatives. A robust test statistic for possible effects of covariates such as the matching variables for cases and controls on odds ratio is also presented. In data on 156 adult first-degree relatives of 28 cases with demonstrated airway obstruction and 28 controls matched for age, sex, race, and hospital status, there appeared to be a difference in the odds ratio among families of black and white case-control pairs. However, the small sample size available prevents conclusive interpretation of this observation.
本文提出了一种回归模型，用于估计协变量对优势比的影响，以检验病例和对照的一级亲属中常见疾病的家族聚集性，并通过一项慢性阻塞性肺疾病研究的家庭数据进行了说明。这些估计量本质上是优势比的Mantel-Haenszel估计量的扩展，但不需要亲属之间独立性的假设。还提出了一个稳健的检验统计量，用于检验协变量（如病例和对照的匹配变量）对优势比的可能影响。在28例有气道阻塞的病例和28例年龄、性别、种族和医院状态匹配的对照的156名成年一级亲属的数据中，黑人和白人病例对照对的家庭之间的优势比似乎存在差异。然而，可用的小样本量妨碍了对这一观察结果的确定性解释。
