Shanghai Key Laboratory of Mental Health and Psychological Crisis, Affiliated Mental Health Center (ECNU), Positive Education China Academy (PECA) of Han-Jing Institute for Studies in Classics, Juzhe Xi's Master Workroom of Shanghai School Mental Health Service, School of Psychology and Cognitive Science, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China.
Shanghai Changning Mental Health Center, Shanghai, China.
Front Public Health. 2023 Jul 14;11:1200130. doi: 10.3389/fpubh.2023.1200130. eCollection 2023.
Expressed emotion refers to relatives' attitudes and emotional behaviors toward mentally ill family members. It is a robust predictor of patients' illness outcomes and caregivers' wellbeing in a wide range of mental disorders. However, expressed emotion has not been fully explored in the Chinese context. One reason is the lack of reliable and cost-effective measurements. A reliable, valid, and user-friendly instrument is needed to support the research and clinical practice based on expressed emotion in China. This study aimed to translate, adapt, and examine the psychometric properties (factorial structure, measurement invariance, internal consistency reliability, and concurrent validity) of a Chinese version of the Family Questionnaire.
A total of 248 caregivers participated in the study. A translation and back-translation procedure was applied to translate the Family Questionnaire into Chinese. We compared two models to examine the factor structure of the questionnaire by performing confirmatory factor analysis. We also conducted measurement invariance analysis to test whether the factor structure of the tool is invariant across male and female groups. Reliability was evaluated with Cronbach's α. The concurrent validity was examined by testing the predictivity of the expressed emotion on relevant outcomes with path analysis. We used the STROBE checklist to report.
The item-total correlation coefficients of the scale ranged from 0.375 to 0.752. The confirmatory factor analysis indicated that the Chinese version of the Family Questionnaire displays the original two-factor structure (emotional overinvolvement and criticism; = 335.50, = 169, / = 1.985, RMSEA = 0.063, SRMR = 0.058, CFI = 0.913, and TLI = 0.902). In addition, the two-factor structure was invariant across the male and female groups. The two subscales showed excellent internal consistency, with Cronbach's alpha of 0.92 for both emotional overinvolvement and criticism. The concurrent validity of the Chinese version was supported by the good predictivity of the two subscales to care burden, family function, and quality of life. All path coefficients were significant, and the absolute values of path coefficients ranged from 0.23 to 0.72.
The Chinese version of the Family Questionnaire is a valid and reliable measurement of expressed emotion in the Chinese context.
表达的情感是指亲属对精神疾病患者的态度和情感行为。它是广泛的精神障碍患者疾病结局和护理人员健康的有力预测指标。然而，在中国，表达的情感尚未得到充分的研究。原因之一是缺乏可靠且经济有效的测量方法。需要一种可靠、有效且易于使用的工具来支持基于中国表达情感的研究和临床实践。本研究旨在翻译、改编并检验家庭问卷中文版的心理测量学特性（因子结构、测量不变性、内部一致性信度和同时效度）。
共有 248 名护理人员参与了这项研究。采用翻译和回译程序将家庭问卷翻译成中文。我们通过验证性因子分析比较了两种模型，以检验问卷的因子结构。我们还进行了测量不变性分析，以检验工具的因子结构在男女组之间是否不变。采用 Cronbach's α 评估信度。通过路径分析检验表达情感对相关结果的预测力，以检验同时效度。我们使用 STROBE 清单进行报告。
量表的项目-总分相关系数范围为 0.375 至 0.752。验证性因子分析表明，家庭问卷中文版呈现出原始的两因素结构（情感过度卷入和批评； = 335.50， = 169， = 1.985，RMSEA = 0.063，SRMR = 0.058，CFI = 0.913，TLI = 0.902）。此外，两因素结构在男女组之间具有不变性。两个分量表显示出极好的内部一致性，情感过度卷入和批评的 Cronbach's α 分别为 0.92。中文版的同时效度得到了两个分量表对护理负担、家庭功能和生活质量的良好预测力的支持。所有路径系数均具有统计学意义，且路径系数的绝对值范围为 0.23 至 0.72。
家庭问卷中文版是一种在中国背景下评估表达情感的有效且可靠的测量工具。
