Sher Emina Karahmet, Prnjavorac Besim, Farhat Esma Karahmet, Palić Benjamin, Ansar Sabah, Sher Farooq
Department of Biosciences, School of Science and Technology, Nottingham Trent University, Nottingham, NG11 8NS, UK.
Department of Pathophysiology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Sarajevo, Sarajevo, 71000, Bosnia and Herzegovina.
Mol Biotechnol. 2023 Jul 31. doi: 10.1007/s12033-023-00813-z.
The effects of diabetes can be divided into short, medium and long term and various human organ systems can be effected. The present study aimed to determine how much the duration of diabetes mellitus (DM) affect the reparative ability of the body, immune response and the development of DM complications. Interleukin 1-β (IL-1β) and Interleukin 6 (IL-6) were monitored as specific indicators of inflammatory reaction and C-reactive protein (CRP), leukocyte count (WBC) and sedimentation rate (ESR) as general markers of inflammatory reaction. Tumour necrosis factor α (TNF-α) and transforming growth factor β1 (TGF-β1) were observed as indicators of reparative ability and polyneuropathy. All interleukins were determined by ELISA and evaluated spectrophotometrically. Michigan Neuropathy Screening Instrument (MNSI) is performed for neuropathy examination. Patients with diabetes mellitus were divided into 3 groups, according to duration of diabetes mellitus. IL-6 levels correlated with clinical stage of diabetic polyneuropathy at p = 0.025 R = 0.402; with CRP at p = 0.0001, R = 0.784 as well as correlation of CRP and MNSI score (R = 0.500, p = 0.034) in a group of patients with DM lasting up to 10 years. The reparative ability of the body is reduced by physiological age and ages of DM duration. The immune response is weakened in DM additionally. The dual activity of cytokines IL-6 and TGF-β1 is present in long-duration Diabetes Mellitus.
糖尿病的影响可分为短期、中期和长期，人体的各个器官系统都会受到影响。本研究旨在确定糖尿病（DM）的病程对身体修复能力、免疫反应以及糖尿病并发症发展的影响程度。监测白细胞介素1-β（IL-1β）和白细胞介素6（IL-6）作为炎症反应的特定指标，以及C反应蛋白（CRP）、白细胞计数（WBC）和血沉率（ESR）作为炎症反应的一般标志物。观察肿瘤坏死因子α（TNF-α）和转化生长因子β1（TGF-β1）作为修复能力和多发性神经病变的指标。所有白细胞介素均通过酶联免疫吸附测定法（ELISA）测定，并通过分光光度法进行评估。采用密歇根神经病变筛查工具（MNSI）进行神经病变检查。根据糖尿病病程，将糖尿病患者分为3组。在病程长达10年的糖尿病患者组中，IL-6水平与糖尿病性多发性神经病变的临床分期相关，p = 0.025，R = 0.402；与CRP相关，p = 0.0001，R = 0.784，以及CRP与MNSI评分相关（R = 0.500，p = 0.034）。身体的修复能力会因生理年龄和糖尿病病程而降低。糖尿病患者的免疫反应也会减弱。在病程较长的糖尿病中，细胞因子IL-6和TGF-β1具有双重活性。
