Center for Cognitive Aging and Memory Clinical Translational Research, Evelyn F. and William L. McKnight Brain Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA.
Institute On Aging, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA.
Geroscience. 2024 Feb;46(1):491-503. doi: 10.1007/s11357-023-00885-4. Epub 2023 Jul 31.
While much is known about the effects of physical exercise in adult humans, literature on the oldest-old (≥ 85 years old) is sparse. The present study explored the relationship between self-reported engagement in physical exercise and cognition in the oldest-old.
The sample included 184 cognitively healthy participants (98 females, MoCA mean score = 24.81) aged 85 to 99 years old (mean = 88.49 years). Participants completed the Community Healthy Activities Model Program for Seniors (CHAMPS) questionnaire and a cognitive battery including NIH-TB, Coding, Symbol Search, Letter Fluency, and Stroop task. Three groups of participants - sedentary (n = 58; MoCA mean score = 24; 36 females; mean age = 89.03), cardio (n = 60; MoCA mean score = 25.08; 29 females; mean age = 88.62), and cardio + strength training (n = 66; MoCA mean score = 25.28; 33 females; mean age = 87.91) - were derived from responses on CHAMPS.
Analyses controlled for years of education, NIH-TB Crystallized Composite, and metabolic equivalent of tasks. The cardio + strength training group had the highest cognitive performances overall and scored significantly better on Coding (p < 0.001) and Symbol Search (p < 0.05) compared to the sedentary group. The cardio + strength training group scored significantly better on Symbol Search, Letter Fluency, and Stroop Color-Word compared to the cardio group (p < 0.05).
Our findings suggest self-reported exercise in the oldest-old is linked to better performance on cognitive measures of processing speed and executive functioning, and that there may be a synergistic effect of combining aerobic and resistance training on cognition.
虽然人们对成年人进行体育锻炼的效果有了很多了解，但关于最年长的老年人（≥85 岁）的文献却很少。本研究探讨了自我报告的体育锻炼与最年长老年人认知之间的关系。
该样本包括 184 名认知健康的参与者（98 名女性，MoCA 平均得分为 24.81），年龄在 85 至 99 岁之间（平均 88.49 岁）。参与者完成了社区健康活动模式计划为老年人（CHAMPS）问卷和认知测试，包括 NIH-TB、编码、符号搜索、字母流畅性和斯特鲁普任务。根据 CHAMPS 的回答，将参与者分为三组：久坐组（n=58；MoCA 平均得分为 24；36 名女性；平均年龄 89.03）、有氧运动组（n=60；MoCA 平均得分为 25.08；29 名女性；平均年龄 88.62）和有氧运动+力量训练组（n=66；MoCA 平均得分为 25.28；33 名女性；平均年龄 87.91）。
分析控制了受教育年限、NIH-TB 结晶复合和代谢当量任务。有氧运动+力量训练组的整体认知表现最高，在编码（p<0.001）和符号搜索（p<0.05）方面的得分明显高于久坐组。与有氧运动组相比，有氧运动+力量训练组在符号搜索、字母流畅性和斯特鲁普颜色-单词方面的得分明显更高（p<0.05）。
我们的研究结果表明，最年长老年人自我报告的运动与认知处理速度和执行功能的测量结果更好相关，并且有氧和阻力训练的结合可能对认知有协同作用。
