对于退休年龄的活跃老年人，阻力训练对脑灰质体积无长期益处。
No long-term benefits from resistance training on brain grey matter volumes in active older adults at retirement age.
作者信息
Bloch-Ibenfeldt Mads, Demnitz Naiara, Gates Anne Theil, Garde Ellen, Siebner Hartwig R, Kjaer Michael, Boraxbekk Carl-Johan
机构信息
Institute of Sports Medicine Copenhagen (ISMC), Department of Orthopedic Surgery M81, Bispebjerg and Frederiksberg Hospital, and Center for Healthy Aging, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.
Danish Research Centre for Magnetic Resonance (DRCMR), Centre for Functional and Diagnostic Imaging and Research, Copenhagen University Hospital - Amager and Hvidovre, Copenhagen, Denmark.
出版信息
BMC Geriatr. 2025 Feb 21;25(1):120. doi: 10.1186/s12877-025-05778-z.
BACKGROUND
Resistance training and other forms of physical exercise are commonly suggested to promote brain health, yet the relationship between resistance training and brain structure in aging is poorly understood. We examined the short- and long-term influence of one year of supervised resistance training at two different loadings on brain structure in aging.
METHODS
In the LISA (LIve active Successful Ageing) study, well-functioning older adults at retirement age (mean age: 66 ± 2 years) were randomized to one year of heavy resistance training (HRT), moderate intensity training (MIT), or a non-exercising control group (CON). Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of the brain was performed at baseline, 1-, 2-, and 4-years follow ups. Trajectories of total grey matter, hippocampus, dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (dlPFC), ventrolateral prefrontal cortex (vlPFC), and white matter hyperintensities were analyzed in relation to changes in muscle strength.
RESULTS
Individuals (n = 276) with MRI scans at all 4 timepoints were included (HRT, n = 96; MIT, n = 95; CON, n = 85). Total grey matter volume decreased with time across all groups (F = 231.549, p < 0.001, = 0.46), as did hippocampal (F = 310.07, p < 0.001, = 0.53), vlPFC (F = 74.380, p < 0.001, = 0.21), and dlPFC (F = 3.640, p = 0.013, = 0.01) volumes. White matter hyperintensity volumes increased (F = 101.876, p < 0.001, = 0.27). There were no significant group x time interactions for any of the brain structures. Additional cortical and subcortical vertex-wise analyses showed no group differences. Change in isometric leg strength was weakly associated with change in white matter hyperintensity volume across all individuals (r = 0.01, p = 0.048).
CONCLUSIONS
One year of resistance training in well-functioning older adults at retirement age did not influence volume changes in selected brain regions over a 4-year period.
TRIAL REGISTRATION
The study was approved by the regional ethics committee and registered on clinicaltrials.gov 2014-04-24 (NCT02123641).
背景
抗阻训练和其他形式的体育锻炼通常被认为有助于促进大脑健康，但人们对衰老过程中抗阻训练与脑结构之间的关系却知之甚少。我们研究了在两种不同负荷下进行一年有监督的抗阻训练对衰老大脑结构的短期和长期影响。
方法
在“活力成功老龄化”（LISA）研究中，将退休年龄且功能良好的老年人（平均年龄：66±2岁）随机分为三组，分别进行为期一年的高强度抗阻训练（HRT）、中等强度训练（MIT）或非运动对照组（CON）。在基线、1年、2年和4年随访时进行脑部磁共振成像（MRI）检查。分析了总灰质、海马体、背外侧前额叶皮质（dlPFC）、腹外侧前额叶皮质（vlPFC）和白质高信号的轨迹与肌肉力量变化的关系。
结果
纳入了在所有4个时间点均进行MRI扫描的个体（n = 276）（HRT组，n = 96；MIT组，n = 95；CON组，n = 85）。所有组的总灰质体积均随时间减少（F = 231.549，p < 0.001， = 0.46），海马体（F = 310.07，p < 0.001， = 0.53）、vlPFC（F = 74.380，p < 0.001， = 0.21）和dlPFC（F = 3.640，p = 0.013， = 0.01）的体积也随时间减少。白质高信号体积增加（F = 101.876，p < 0.001， = 0.27）。对于任何脑结构，均未发现显著的组×时间交互作用。额外的皮质和皮质下逐顶点分析显示无组间差异。在所有个体中，等长腿部力量的变化与白质高信号体积的变化弱相关（r = 0.01，p = 0.048）。
结论
退休年龄且功能良好的老年人进行一年的抗阻训练，在4年期间并未影响所选脑区的体积变化。
试验注册
该研究已获得地区伦理委员会批准，并于2014年4月24日在clinicaltrials.gov上注册（NCT02123641）。
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