The Pirbright Institute, Pirbright, Woking, GU24 0NF, UK.
Royal Veterinary College, Hawkshead Lane North Mymms, Hertfordshire, AL9 7TA, UK.
Emerg Microbes Infect. 2023 Dec;12(2):2244091. doi: 10.1080/22221751.2023.2244091.
High pathogenicity avian influenza (HPAI) H5N1 is a subtype of the influenza A virus primarily found in birds. The subtype emerged in China in 1996 and has spread globally, causing significant morbidity and mortality in birds and humans. In Cambodia, a lethal case was reported in February 2023 involving an 11-year-old girl, marking the first human HPAI H5N1 infection in the country since 2014. This research examined the zoonotic potential of the human H5N1 isolate, A/Cambodia/NPH230032/2023 (KHM/23), by assessing its receptor binding, fusion pH, HA thermal stability, and antigenicity. Results showed that KHM/23 exhibits similar receptor binding and antigenicity as the early clade 2.3.2.1c HPAI H5N1 strain, and it does not bind to human-like receptors. Despite showing limited zoonotic risk, the increased thermal stability and reduced pH of fusion in KHM/23 indicate a potential threat to poultry, emphasizing the need for vigilant monitoring.
高致病性禽流感（HPAI）H5N1 是甲型流感病毒的一个亚型，主要存在于鸟类中。该亚型于 1996 年在中国出现，并已在全球范围内传播，导致鸟类和人类的发病率和死亡率显著增加。在柬埔寨，2023 年 2 月报告了一例致命病例，涉及一名 11 岁女孩，这是该国自 2014 年以来首次出现人类感染高致病性禽流感 H5N1 病例。本研究通过评估人源 H5N1 分离株 A/Cambodia/NPH230032/2023（KHM/23）的受体结合、融合 pH 值、HA 热稳定性和抗原性，来研究其人畜共患潜力。结果表明，KHM/23 表现出与早期 clade 2.3.2.1c 高致病性禽流感 H5N1 株相似的受体结合和抗原性，并且不与类似人类的受体结合。尽管显示出有限的人畜共患病风险，但 KHM/23 中融合的热稳定性增加和 pH 值降低表明对家禽存在潜在威胁，强调需要进行警惕监测。
