在埃塞俄比亚西部秋葵产区，产前保健随访与孕妇获得高饮食多样性评分的较高概率显著相关：比例优势模型。
Antenatal care follow-up was significantly associated with a higher probability of high dietary diversity score among pregnant women in okra-producing areas of western Ethiopia: proportional odds model.
作者信息
Kushi Efrem Negash, Belachew Tefera, Tamiru Dessalegn
机构信息
Department of Public Health, College of Health and Medical Science, Mettu University, Mettu, Ethiopia.
Departments of Nutrition and Dietetics, Public Health Institute, Jimma University, Jimma, Ethiopia.
出版信息
Food Nutr Res. 2023 Jul 28;67. doi: 10.29219/fnr.v67.9608. eCollection 2023.
BACKGROUND
Dietary diversity is important for pregnant women since it has been associated with nutrient adequacy. It is very crucial to ensure optimal fetal health and development. There is no evidence at the community level on the magnitude of dietary diversity and its predictors among pregnant women in okra-producing areas of western Ethiopia.
OBJECTIVE
This study aimed to assess the level of dietary diversity and its associated factors among pregnant women.
DESIGN
A community-based cross-sectional study was employed among randomly selected 224 pregnant women in western Ethiopia. An interviewer-administered questionnaire was used to collect the data. The qualitative open 24-h recall was used to assess the level of dietary diversity. Ordinal logistic regression analyses were used by SPSS version 25. An adjusted proportional odds ratio along with a 95% confidence interval [CI] was computed to measure the strengths of the association at a ≤ 0.05.
RESULT
This study revealed that more than one-fourth, 64 (28.6%), of the respondents were found to have high dietary diversity scores. Antenatal Care [ANC] visits (Adjusted Odds Ratio [AOR] = 2.10, [95% CI: 1.13, 3.90], = 0.01), changing food intake (AOR = 2.97, [95% CI: 1.16, 3.67], = 0.002), and being food secure household (AOR = 2.63, [95% CI: 1.38, 5.00], = 0.003) were significantly associated with a higher probability of having high dietary diversity score. However, lack of formal education (AOR = 0.34, [95% CI: 0.61, 0.89]) was inversely associated with the probability of having high dietary diversity.
CONCLUSION
More than half of pregnant women in western Ethiopia were found to have low dietary diversity. Therefore, ANC follow-up, dietary modification, and promotion of frequent use of wild edible plants (okra) to maintain household food security were very crucial.
背景
饮食多样性对孕妇很重要，因为它与营养充足有关。确保胎儿最佳健康和发育至关重要。在埃塞俄比亚西部秋葵产区的社区层面，尚无关于孕妇饮食多样性程度及其预测因素的证据。
目的
本研究旨在评估孕妇的饮食多样性水平及其相关因素。
设计
在埃塞俄比亚西部随机选取224名孕妇开展了一项基于社区的横断面研究。采用访谈式问卷收集数据。采用定性开放式24小时回顾法评估饮食多样性水平。使用SPSS 25版进行有序逻辑回归分析。计算调整后的比例优势比及95%置信区间[CI]，以在α≤0.05时衡量关联强度。
结果
本研究显示，超过四分之一（64人，占28.6%）的受访者饮食多样性得分较高。产前检查[ANC]次数（调整优势比[AOR]=2.10，[95%CI：1.13，3.90]，P=0.01）、食物摄入量变化（AOR=2.97，[95%CI：1.16，3.67]，P=0.002）以及家庭粮食安全（AOR=2.63，[95%CI：1.38，5.00]，P=0.003）与饮食多样性得分较高的可能性显著相关。然而，未接受正规教育（AOR=0.34，[95%CI：0.61，0.89]）与饮食多样性得分较高的可能性呈负相关。
结论
埃塞俄比亚西部超过一半的孕妇饮食多样性较低。因此，至关重要的是进行产前检查随访、调整饮食，并推广经常食用野生可食用植物（秋葵）以维持家庭粮食安全。
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