Hankebo Markos, Fikru Chaltu, Lemma Lire, Aregago Gezehagn
School of Public Health, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Jimma University, Ethiopia.
Department of Public Health, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Wachemo University, Southern Nations, Nationalities, and Peoples' Region, Ethiopia.
Depress Res Treat. 2023 Jul 25;2023:7665247. doi: 10.1155/2023/7665247. eCollection 2023.
Among those infected with the human immunodeficiency virus, depression is one of the most prevalent mental health issues. Despite its high incidence, depression goes undiagnosed and untreated in the majority of HIV/AIDS patients, which has a negative impact on how well they adhere to their antiretroviral regimen.
To assess the magnitude of depression and associated factors among people attending antiretroviral therapy in public health facilities of Hosanna town, Hadiya Zone, Southern Ethiopia, 2019.
Institution-based cross-sectional study was conducted at public health facilities of Hosanna town from June 6 to July 6, 2019, among people living with HIV/AIDS aged 18 years and older who were on ART. A systematic sampling technique was used to select 392 participants. Data were collected using a pretested and standardized structured interviewer-administered questionnaire. Variables having a value less than 0.2 in bivariate analysis were entered into the multiple logistic regression model. Odds ratio with 95% CI was computed, and variables with value < 0.05 were considered as statistically significantly associated with depression.
The prevalence of depression among HIV patients was 37.8%. Being female (AOR = 2.15, 95% CI (1.21, 3.84)), not disclosing their HIV status (AOR = 2.77, 95% CI (1.57, 4.89)), rural dwellers (AOR = 2.69, 95% CI (1.58, 4.57)), poor ART adherence (AOR = 1.89, 95% CI (1.10, 3.24)), having HIV-perceived stigma (AOR = 1.71, 95% CI (1.01, 2.88)), and poor social support (AOR = 1.85, 95% CI (1.11, 3.09)) were significantly associated with depression.
The magnitude of depression was high among PLWHIVs. Being female, rural dwellers, not disclosing HIV status, poor ART adherence, HIV-perceived stigma, and poor social support were significantly associated with depression. Enhancing adherence, counseling, and linking those patients who had poor social support to the concerned relatives for care and support is recommended. Providing health education both at the facility level and at the community level may reduce stigma and subsequently depression. Encouraging disclosing HIV status may help to prevent depression.
在感染人类免疫缺陷病毒的人群中，抑郁症是最普遍的心理健康问题之一。尽管其发病率很高，但大多数艾滋病毒/艾滋病患者的抑郁症未被诊断和治疗，这对他们坚持抗逆转录病毒治疗方案的情况产生了负面影响。
评估2019年埃塞俄比亚南部哈迪亚地区霍桑纳镇公共卫生设施中接受抗逆转录病毒治疗的人群中抑郁症的严重程度及相关因素。
2019年6月6日至7月6日，在霍桑纳镇的公共卫生设施中，对18岁及以上接受抗逆转录病毒治疗的艾滋病毒/艾滋病感染者进行了一项基于机构的横断面研究。采用系统抽样技术选取392名参与者。使用经过预测试和标准化的结构化访谈问卷收集数据。在双变量分析中值小于0.2的变量被纳入多重逻辑回归模型。计算95%置信区间的比值比，值<0.05的变量被认为与抑郁症有统计学显著关联。
艾滋病毒患者中抑郁症的患病率为37.8%。女性（调整后比值比=2.15，95%置信区间（1.21，3.84））、未披露其艾滋病毒感染状况（调整后比值比=2.77，95%置信区间（1.57，4.89））、农村居民（调整后比值比=2.69，95%置信区间（1.58，4.57））、抗逆转录病毒治疗依从性差（调整后比值比=1.89，95%置信区间（1.10，3.24））、有艾滋病毒相关耻辱感（调整后比值比=1.71，95%置信区间（1.01，2.88））以及社会支持差（调整后比值比=1.85，95%置信区间（1.11，3.09））与抑郁症显著相关。
艾滋病毒感染者中抑郁症的严重程度较高。女性、农村居民、未披露艾滋病毒感染状况、抗逆转录病毒治疗依从性差、有艾滋病毒相关耻辱感以及社会支持差与抑郁症显著相关。建议提高依从性、进行咨询，并将社会支持差的患者与相关亲属联系起来以获得护理和支持。在医疗机构层面和社区层面提供健康教育可能会减少耻辱感，进而减少抑郁症。鼓励披露艾滋病毒感染状况可能有助于预防抑郁症。
