Faculty of Chemical Engineering, Babol Noshirvani University of Technology, Babol, Mazandaran, Iran.
Sci Rep. 2023 Aug 3;13(1):12636. doi: 10.1038/s41598-023-39883-z.
Ganoderma lucidum is a promising medicine with a high amount of antioxidants and calcium. The selection of appropriate drying process methods in food science has a chief role to reach the best final characteristics. This study aimed to investigate the effects of air velocity and temperature in the convective dryer, sample distance, and infrared power in infrared dryers on the drying kinetics and quality of Ganoderma lucidum slices. In addition, Response Surface Methodology based on central composition design was used to optimize and analyze drying conditions. The ranges of temperature and air velocity were 40-60 °C and 0.5-1.5 m/s, respectively in the convective drying process while the range of distance and infrared power was 4-16 cm and 500-1500 W, respectively in the infrared drying process. It is worth mentioning that antioxidant and calcium contents were greatly enhanced during the drying procedures. Moreover, the values of the total color difference ranged between 8.21 and 19.66 for the convective dryer and 8.14 and 28.85 for the infrared dryer. A kinetic study indicated that dried samples by the infrared dryer could rapidly reach equilibrium moisture content due to exposure to IR radiation. Consequently, the results indicated that the infrared dryer has better performance than the convective dryer regarding drying time, energy consumption, and amount of calcium and antioxidant.
灵芝是一种很有前途的药物，它含有大量的抗氧化剂和钙。在食品科学中选择适当的干燥工艺方法对于达到最佳的最终特性起着主要作用。本研究旨在研究在对流干燥器中空气速度和温度、样品距离以及红外干燥器中的红外功率对灵芝切片干燥动力学和质量的影响。此外，还使用基于中心组合设计的响应面法对干燥条件进行优化和分析。在对流干燥过程中，温度和空气速度的范围分别为 40-60°C 和 0.5-1.5 m/s，而在红外干燥过程中，距离和红外功率的范围分别为 4-16 cm 和 500-1500 W。值得注意的是，在干燥过程中，抗氧化剂和钙的含量大大提高。此外，对流干燥器的总色差值范围在 8.21 和 19.66 之间，而红外干燥器的总色差值范围在 8.14 和 28.85 之间。动力学研究表明，由于暴露于 IR 辐射，红外干燥器干燥的样品能够迅速达到平衡水分含量。因此，结果表明，与对流干燥器相比，红外干燥器在干燥时间、能耗以及钙和抗氧化剂的含量方面具有更好的性能。
