Population Health and Immunity Division, The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute, Melbourne, Australia.
Department of Infectious Diseases, The Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, Melbourne, Australia.
Int J Gynaecol Obstet. 2023 Aug;162 Suppl 2:14-22. doi: 10.1002/ijgo.14944.
Anemia affects 36% of pregnant women worldwide. Of those affected, around 40% is due to iron deficiency (ID). Iron is an essential micronutrient involved in vital processes such as erythropoiesis, immune responses, and importantly-during pregnancy-placental and fetal development. Although menstrual bleeding can impact the incidence of ID even before the onset of pregnancy, this narrative review is pregnancy focused and will explore the impact of ID on placental development and iron uptake, fetal development and immunity, and maternal and infant susceptibility to infection. Although there have been advances in this area of research, much is needed to understand the regulation of iron and the effects of ID during pregnancy. Notably, more human studies are essential to generate the best evidence to advance strategies to reduce the incidence of ID during pregnancy to improve maternal, neonatal, and infant health.
贫血影响全球 36%的孕妇。其中，约 40%是由缺铁（ID）引起的。铁是一种必需的微量元素，参与重要的生命过程，如红细胞生成、免疫反应，在怀孕期间对胎盘和胎儿的发育也非常重要。尽管月经出血会影响 ID 的发生率，甚至在怀孕前就已经开始，但本综述主要关注怀孕相关问题，将探讨 ID 对胎盘发育和铁摄取、胎儿发育和免疫、以及母婴感染易感性的影响。尽管在这一研究领域已经取得了进展，但仍有许多方面需要了解，以掌握铁的调节和 ID 在怀孕期间的影响。值得注意的是，需要更多的人体研究来生成最佳证据，以减少怀孕期间 ID 的发生率，从而改善母婴和婴儿的健康。
