Tanku Melaku, Woldetensae Berhanu
Ethiopian Institute of Architecture, Building Construction, and City Development (EiABC), Addis Ababa University, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.
Ethiopian Institute of Architecture, Building Construction and City Development (EiABC), Addis Ababa University, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.
Heliyon. 2023 Jun 26;9(7):e17554. doi: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e17554. eCollection 2023 Jul.
Urbanization in developing countries like Ethiopia is taking place at an unprecedented rate. This, coupled with the rapid industrialization process, puts enormous pressure on preparing and implementing city spatial plans. As a result, most development in many cities is taking place without clear planning guidelines and lacks the institutional capacity to realize effectively the urban spatial plans. Galan and Dukem cities, located near the capital Addis Ababa, have attracted substantial industrial development investment in recent decades. This article examines the nexus between urban spatial planning and industrial development by analyzing the current urban structure plans of the two cities using institutionalist and political economy approaches. The research methodology involves key informant interviews, an expert survey, personal observation, and reviewing secondary sources. The data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and multivariate Exploratory Factor Analysis (EFA). The EFA identifies three latent variables that affect urban spatial planning performances, including the level of institutions' and actors' involvement, the state of spatial plan implementation, and the lack of public participation in planning and implementation processes. These three dimensions explain 75% of the total variations, with each accounting for 35%, 24%, and 16% respectively. The study argues that the lack of planned investment allocation and poor urban spatial plan-making and implementation hinder sustainable urban development and result in haphazard development. The successful implementation of urban spatial plans requires the involvement of various actors and strong institutional support. Therefore, urban spatial decisions need to receive policy attention to ensure efficient and sustainable urban and industrial development.
在埃塞俄比亚等发展中国家，城市化正以前所未有的速度推进。这与快速的工业化进程相结合，给城市空间规划的编制和实施带来了巨大压力。因此，许多城市的大多数发展都是在没有明确规划指导方针的情况下进行的，并且缺乏有效实现城市空间规划的机构能力。位于首都亚的斯亚贝巴附近的加兰市和杜肯市在最近几十年吸引了大量工业发展投资。本文运用制度主义和政治经济学方法，通过分析这两个城市当前的城市结构规划，研究城市空间规划与工业发展之间的关系。研究方法包括关键信息人访谈、专家调查、个人观察以及查阅二手资料。数据采用描述性统计和多元探索性因子分析（EFA）进行分析。EFA识别出影响城市空间规划绩效的三个潜在变量，包括机构和行为者的参与程度、空间规划实施状况以及规划和实施过程中缺乏公众参与。这三个维度解释了总变异的75%，分别占35%、24%和16%。该研究认为，缺乏规划投资分配以及城市空间规划制定和实施不力阻碍了城市可持续发展，并导致发展无序。城市空间规划的成功实施需要各类行为者的参与和强大的机构支持。因此，城市空间决策需要得到政策关注，以确保城市和工业的高效可持续发展。
