Sorbonne Université, INSERM, Institut Pierre Louis d'Epidémiologie Et de Santé Publique, 75012, Paris, France.
Eur Child Adolesc Psychiatry. 2024 Nov;33(11):3693-3706. doi: 10.1007/s00787-023-02261-1. Epub 2023 Aug 4.
Whilst there is growing evidence highlighting the importance of paternal mental illness (PMI) on child development, this relationship still remains under-studied and often over-looked. Considering the increasingly active role of fathers in their children's upbringing, a comprehensive overview of the impact of PMI on child development is overdue. This study aimed to combine and synthesise currently available evidence on the relationship between PMI and multiple domains of child development. Narrative synthesis of systematic reviews and meta-analyses on the relationship between PMI and child development (mental health and social, emotional, language, cognitive or adaptive behaviour), published between 1980 to December 2021, was conducted in line with PRISMA 2020 guidelines. Review quality was assessed based on AMSTAR-2 criteria and respective study confidence was interpreted in line with GRADE scoring. All relevant meta-analytic effect sizes were converted to odds ratios (OR) and grouped using a random effects model. Grouped meta-analyses saw PMI to have a significant, detrimental effect on all studied domains of child development [OR: 1.54; 95% CI (1.36-1.74)]. Subgroup analyses saw PMI affecting both internalising [OR: 1.62; 95% CI (1.27-2.08)] and externalising [OR: 1.63; 95% CI (1.28-2.08)] child behaviours to a similar extent. However, included reviews were of poor methodological quality, demonstrating either low or critically low confidence. These results show a consistent and influential effect of PMI on child development. The relationship between fathers' mental illness and child development warrants further investigation, as current research is limited in scope, particularly regarding cognitive domains of child development and non-affective PMI diagnoses.
虽然越来越多的证据强调了父亲的精神疾病（PMI）对儿童发展的重要性，但这一关系仍然研究不足，而且常常被忽视。考虑到父亲在子女成长中日益活跃的角色，对 PMI 对儿童发展的影响进行全面概述已经是当务之急。本研究旨在结合和综合目前关于 PMI 与儿童发展多个领域之间关系的现有证据。根据 PRISMA 2020 指南，对 1980 年至 2021 年 12 月期间发表的关于 PMI 与儿童发展（心理健康和社会、情感、语言、认知或适应行为）关系的系统评价和荟萃分析进行了叙述性综合。根据 AMSTAR-2 标准评估了综述质量，并根据 GRADE 评分解释了各自研究的可信度。所有相关的荟萃分析效应量均转换为优势比（OR），并使用随机效应模型进行分组。分组荟萃分析发现，PMI 对儿童发展的所有研究领域都有显著的、不利的影响[OR：1.54；95%CI（1.36-1.74）]。亚组分析发现，PMI 对内部化[OR：1.62；95%CI（1.27-2.08）]和外部化[OR：1.63；95%CI（1.28-2.08）]儿童行为都有类似程度的影响。然而，纳入的综述质量较差，显示出低或极低的可信度。这些结果表明，PMI 对儿童发展有一致且有影响力的影响。父亲的精神疾病与儿童发展之间的关系值得进一步研究，因为目前的研究范围有限，特别是关于儿童发展的认知领域和非情感性 PMI 诊断。
