Department of Life Sciences, Presidency University, Kolkata, India.
Department of Bioinformatics, Maulana Azad National Institute of Technology, Bhopal, India.
Microb Pathog. 2023 Oct;183:106276. doi: 10.1016/j.micpath.2023.106276. Epub 2023 Aug 2.
Cell death-inducing proteins (CDIPs) are some of the secreted effector proteins manifested by filamentous oomycetes and fungal pathogens to invade the plant tissue and facilitate infection. Along with their involvement in different developmental processes and virulence, CDIPs play a crucial role in plant-pathogen interactions. As the name implies, CDIPs cause necrosis and trigger localised cell death in the infected host tissues by the accumulation of higher concentrations of hydrogen peroxide (HO), oxidative burst, accumulation of nitric oxide (NO), and electrolyte leakage. They also stimulate the biosynthesis of defense-related phytohormones such as salicylic acid (SA), jasmonic acid (JA), abscisic acid (ABA), and ethylene (ET), as well as the expression of pathogenesis-related (PR) genes that are important in disease resistance. Altogether, the interactions result in the hypersensitive response (HR) in the host plant, which might confer systemic acquired resistance (SAR) in some cases against a vast array of related and unrelated pathogens. The CDIPs, due to their capability of inducing host resistance, are thus unique among the array of proteins secreted by filamentous plant pathogens. More interestingly, a few transgenic plant lines have also been developed expressing the CDIPs with added resistance. Thus, CDIPs have opened an interesting hot area of research. The present study critically reviews the current knowledge of major types of CDIPs identified across filamentous phytopathogens and their modes of action in the last couple of years. This review also highlights the recent breakthrough technologies in studying plant-pathogen interactions as well as crop improvement by enhancing disease resistance through CDIPs.
细胞死亡诱导蛋白 (CDIPs) 是丝状卵菌和真菌病原体表现出的一些分泌效应蛋白，用于入侵植物组织并促进感染。除了在不同的发育过程和毒力中发挥作用外，CDIPs 在植物-病原体相互作用中也起着至关重要的作用。顾名思义，CDIPs 通过积累更高浓度的过氧化氢 (HO)、氧化爆发、积累一氧化氮 (NO) 和电解质渗漏，导致感染宿主组织坏死并引发局部细胞死亡。它们还刺激与防御相关的植物激素的生物合成，如水杨酸 (SA)、茉莉酸 (JA)、脱落酸 (ABA) 和乙烯 (ET)，以及与疾病抗性相关的病程相关 (PR) 基因的表达。总的来说，这些相互作用导致宿主植物发生过敏反应 (HR)，在某些情况下，可能会赋予对大量相关和不相关病原体的系统获得性抗性 (SAR)。由于 CDIPs 能够诱导宿主抗性，因此它们在丝状植物病原体分泌的众多蛋白质中是独一无二的。更有趣的是，一些转基因植物系也已被开发出来，表达具有附加抗性的 CDIPs。因此，CDIPs 开辟了一个有趣的研究热点领域。本研究批判性地回顾了过去几年中在丝状植物病原体中鉴定出的主要类型的 CDIPs 及其作用模式的最新知识。本综述还强调了研究植物-病原体相互作用以及通过 CDIPs 增强抗病性来改善作物的最新突破性技术。
