Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, 1161 21st Avenue South, Nashville, TN 37232, USA.
Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt Translational and Clinical Cardiovascular Research Center, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, 2525 West End Avenue, Suite 300, Nashville, TN 37203, USA.
Med Clin North Am. 2023 Sep;107(5):793-805. doi: 10.1016/j.mcna.2023.04.004. Epub 2023 Jun 1.
Atherosclerotic disease, including stroke and myocardial infarction, is the leading cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Atherosclerotic plaque formation occurs in the setting of excess oxidative and hemodynamic stress and is perpetuated by smoking, poor diet, dyslipidemia, hypertension, and diabetes. Plaque may rupture, resulting in acute thrombotic events. Smoking cessation, lifestyle modification, risk factor optimization, and antithrombotic therapies are the mainstays of atherosclerotic disease management and are the cornerstones to reduce morbidity and mortality in this high-risk patient population. Novel therapeutics are in development and will add to the growing armamentarium available to physicians who manage atherosclerotic disease.
动脉粥样硬化性疾病，包括中风和心肌梗死，是全球发病率和死亡率的主要原因。在氧化应激和血液动力学应激过度的情况下会发生动脉粥样硬化斑块形成，并由吸烟、不良饮食、血脂异常、高血压和糖尿病等因素持续存在。斑块可能破裂，导致急性血栓形成事件。戒烟、生活方式改变、危险因素优化和抗血栓治疗是动脉粥样硬化性疾病管理的主要方法，也是降低高危患者人群发病率和死亡率的基石。新的治疗方法正在开发中，并将为治疗动脉粥样硬化性疾病的医生提供更多的治疗手段。
