信息与周围环境：游戏进化的理论框架

Information and the Umwelt: A theoretical framework for the evolution of play.

作者信息

Schank Jeffrey C, Lutz Meredith C, Wood Sydney Y

机构信息

Department of Psychology, University of California, Davis, One Shields Avenue, Davis, CA 95616, USA; Animal Behavior Graduate Group, University of California, Davis, One Shields Avenue, Davis, CA 95616, USA.

Animal Behavior Graduate Group, University of California, Davis, One Shields Avenue, Davis, CA 95616, USA.

出版信息

Neurosci Biobehav Rev. 2023 Oct;153:105349. doi: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2023.105349. Epub 2023 Aug 4.

DOI:10.1016/j.neubiorev.2023.105349

PMID:37543176

Abstract

Play is phylogenetically widespread, and there are many proposed theories and fitness benefits of play. However, we still need a theoretical framework that unifies our understanding of the benefits that facilitated the evolution of play in so many diverse species. Starting with von Uexküll's theory of the Umwelt (i.e., the sensory-motor worlds of animals), together with the behavior systems approach, we propose that the Umwelt is an information processing system that serves basic biological functions. During development, the Umwelt undergoes a rapid expansion in the sensory and motor stimuli it processes. We argue that play is a process that converts surplus resources into information. By increasing the information content of the developing Umwelt, play confers fitness benefits. To demonstrate that play could evolve based on its information benefits, we present a model and simulation results of the evolution of a social play learning process that provides fitness-enhancing information in adult cooperative and competitive situations. Finally, we discuss this information-theoretic framework in relation to proposed hypotheses and fitness benefits of play.

摘要

玩耍在系统发育上广泛存在，并且有许多关于玩耍的理论和适应性益处被提出。然而，我们仍然需要一个理论框架来统一我们对促进如此多不同物种玩耍进化的益处的理解。从冯·于克斯屈尔的环境理论（即动物的感觉运动世界）出发，结合行为系统方法，我们提出环境是一个服务于基本生物学功能的信息处理系统。在发育过程中，环境在其处理的感觉和运动刺激方面经历快速扩展。我们认为玩耍是一个将多余资源转化为信息的过程。通过增加发育中的环境的信息含量，玩耍赋予适应性益处。为了证明玩耍可以基于其信息益处而进化，我们给出了一个社会玩耍学习过程进化的模型和模拟结果，该过程在成年合作和竞争情境中提供增强适应性的信息。最后，我们讨论这个信息理论框架与所提出的玩耍假设和适应性益处的关系。