Hatami Zahra, Hashemi Zahra Sadat, Eftekhary Mohamad, Amiri Ala, Karpisheh Vahid, Nasrollahi Kaveh, Jafari Reza
Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran.
ATMP Department, Breast Cancer Research Center, Motamed Cancer Institute, ACECR, Tehran, Iran.
Cancer Cell Int. 2023 Aug 5;23(1):157. doi: 10.1186/s12935-023-02996-6.
Chimeric antigen receptor natural killer cells (CAR-NK) promote off-the-shelf cellular therapy for solid tumors and malignancy.However,, the development of CAR-NK is due to their immune surveillance uncertainty and cytotoxicity challenge was restricted. Natural killer cell-derived exosome (NK-Exo) combine crucial targeted cellular therapies of NK cell therapies with unique non-toxic Exo as a self-origin shuttle against cancer immunotherapy. This review study covers cytokines, adoptive (autologous and allogenic) NK immunotherapy, stimulatory and regulatory functions, and cell-free derivatives from NK cells. The future path of NK-Exo cytotoxicity and anti-tumor activity with considering non-caspase-independent/dependent apoptosis and Fas/FasL pathway in cancer immunotherapy. Finally, the significance and implication of NK-Exo therapeutics through combination therapy and the development of emerging approaches for the purification and delivery NK-Exo to severe immune and tumor cells and tissues were discussed in detail.
嵌合抗原受体自然杀伤细胞（CAR-NK）推动了实体瘤和恶性肿瘤的现成细胞疗法。然而，CAR-NK的发展受到其免疫监视不确定性的限制，并且细胞毒性挑战也受到制约。自然杀伤细胞衍生的外泌体（NK-Exo）将NK细胞疗法的关键靶向细胞疗法与独特的无毒外泌体相结合，作为对抗癌症免疫疗法的自身来源载体。本综述研究涵盖细胞因子、过继性（自体和异体）NK免疫疗法、刺激和调节功能以及NK细胞的无细胞衍生物。在癌症免疫疗法中，考虑非半胱天冬酶依赖性/依赖性凋亡和Fas/FasL途径，NK-Exo细胞毒性和抗肿瘤活性的未来发展路径。最后，详细讨论了通过联合疗法进行NK-Exo治疗的意义和影响，以及开发用于将NK-Exo纯化并递送至重症免疫细胞和肿瘤细胞及组织的新方法。
