Rahimpour Pakhshan, Sheikholeslami-Vatani Dariush, Moloudi Mohammad Raman, Ghaeeni Saeed
Department of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, University of Kurdistan, Sanandaj, Iran.
Liver and Digestive Research Center, Research Institute for Health Development, Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences, Sanandaj, Iran.
Cell J. 2023 Jul 25;25(7):461-469. doi: 10.22074/cellj.2023.1971874.1158.
This study aimed to compare the effect of different physical training on the mechanism of ceramidedependent insulin resistance in the flexor hallucis longus (FHL) muscle of diabetic rats.
In this experimental study, 7 healthy as a healthy control (HC) group, and 21 diabetics (55 mg/ kg Streptozotocin) Wistar rats (200-220 g; 8-10 weeks old) divided into the diabetic control (DC), moderate continuous training (MCT), and moderate intensity interval training (MIIT) groups. Both MCT (55-70% of maximal oxygen uptake (VO), and MIIT (85% VO) groups trained for 10-25 minutes at a speed of 10-20 m/minutes. The changes in the expression of blood glucose, insulin, insulin resistance, lipid profile and total ceramide were measured as well as ceramide synthase-1, Glucose transporter type 4 (GLUT4), Protein kinase B known as Akt, phosphorylated protein kinase B known as pAkt, protein kinase C (PKC), and tumour necrosis factor α (TNFα).
Blood glucose, triglyceride (TG) and ceramide synthase-1 (CS1) expression levels in the MCT group decreased in comparison with the DC group. FHL protein expression of GLUT4 in the MCT group was higher than the DC group. FHL expression of GLUT4, pAKT, AKT/pAKT, PKC, CS1 and total ceramide in the MIIT group were higher than the DC group. Cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein (LDL), TG, and TNF-α protein expression in the MIIT group were lower than the DC group. GLUT4, PKC, pAKT, AKT/pAKT in the MIIT group were higher, and total ceramide and TNF-α were lower in the MIIT group than the MCT group.
It seems that both training plan MIIT and MCT have favorable effects on the metabolism of glucose, insulin, lipids, and the decrease of TNFα level in the diabetes, but in connection with the improvement of the ceramides mechanism, it seems that the MIIT training plan is more optimal than MCT training plan.
本研究旨在比较不同体育锻炼对糖尿病大鼠拇长屈肌（FHL）中神经酰胺依赖性胰岛素抵抗机制的影响。
在本实验研究中，7只健康大鼠作为健康对照组（HC），21只糖尿病大鼠（经55mg/kg链脲佐菌素处理）Wistar大鼠（200 - 220g；8 - 10周龄）分为糖尿病对照组（DC）、中等强度持续训练组（MCT）和中等强度间歇训练组（MIIT）。MCT组（最大摄氧量（VO）的55 - 70%）和MIIT组（85%VO）均以10 - 20米/分钟的速度训练10 - 25分钟。检测血糖、胰岛素、胰岛素抵抗、血脂谱和总神经酰胺的表达变化，以及神经酰胺合酶-1、4型葡萄糖转运蛋白（GLUT4）、蛋白激酶B（又称Akt）、磷酸化蛋白激酶B（又称pAkt）、蛋白激酶C（PKC）和肿瘤坏死因子α（TNFα）。
与DC组相比，MCT组的血糖、甘油三酯（TG）和神经酰胺合酶-1（CS1）表达水平降低。MCT组FHL中GLUT4的蛋白表达高于DC组。MIIT组FHL中GLUT4、pAKT、AKT/pAKT、PKC、CS1和总神经酰胺的表达高于DC组。MIIT组的胆固醇、低密度脂蛋白（LDL）、TG和TNF-α蛋白表达低于DC组。MIIT组的GLUT4、PKC、pAKT、AKT/pAKT高于MCT组，而总神经酰胺和TNF-α低于MCT组。
似乎MIIT和MCT训练方案对糖尿病患者的葡萄糖、胰岛素、脂质代谢以及TNFα水平的降低都有良好影响，但就神经酰胺机制的改善而言，MIIT训练方案似乎比MCT训练方案更优。
