School of Public Health, College of Health Science and Medicine, Wolaita Sodo University, Wolaita Sodo, Ethiopia, Ethiopia.
College of Health Sciences, Debre Tabor University, Debre Tabor, Ethiopia.
Afr Health Sci. 2023 Mar;23(1):178-189. doi: 10.4314/ahs.v23i1.20.
Human Immunodeficiency Virus positive status disclosure is an essential component of pediatric care and longterm disease management. However, one of the greatest challenges that caregiver/mothers and health care workers face is the disclosure of HIV positive status to children living with the virus. Therefore, the objective of this study was to assess HIV positive status disclosure and associated factors among HIV positive children in northwest Ethiopia.
Institutional based cross-sectional study was conducted among 417 sampled HIV positive children attending pediatric ART clinics of public health facilities from February 01 to March 30 2020 in northwest Ethiopia. Simple random sampling technique was used to select study participants. A structured interviewer administered questionnaire was used for data collection and the collected data entered into Epi data software. Binary logistic regression analysis was done and variables with P-value <0.05 was considered as a significant predictors of HIV positive status disclosure of HIV positive children.
From 417 sampled population, 390 were involved in this study making 93.5% response rate. The study revealed that 53.6% with 95% CI (0.486-0.586) of HIV positive children knew their HIV positive sero status. Caregiver/mothers who had greater than three family sizes (AOR=1.984, 95% CI=1.046-3.762), children whose ages greater than 10 years (AOR=6.679, 95% CI=3.372-13.227) and children on ART for more than 5 years (AOR=8.96, 95% CI=6.402-12.257) were predictors of HIV positive status disclosure.
The HIV positive status disclosure was high in the study area relative to other studies. Family size, children age, and length of children on ART were predictors of HIV positive status disclosure for HIV positive children. Health care providers, especially those working at pediatrics ART clinics should keep these factors in mid while working with caregivers to encourage disclosure of HIV positive status.
人类免疫缺陷病毒（HIV）阳性状态的披露是儿科护理和长期疾病管理的重要组成部分。然而，照顾者/母亲和卫生保健工作者面临的最大挑战之一是向感染 HIV 的儿童披露 HIV 阳性状态。因此，本研究的目的是评估在埃塞俄比亚西北部感染 HIV 的儿童中 HIV 阳性状态的披露情况及其相关因素。
这是一项在 2020 年 2 月 1 日至 3 月 30 日期间，在埃塞俄比亚西北部公共卫生设施的儿科抗逆转录病毒治疗（ART）诊所中，对 417 名接受采样的 HIV 阳性儿童进行的基于机构的横断面研究。采用简单随机抽样技术选择研究对象。使用结构化访谈者管理的问卷收集数据，并将收集的数据输入 EpiData 软件。进行了二元逻辑回归分析，P 值<0.05 的变量被认为是 HIV 阳性儿童 HIV 阳性状态披露的显著预测因素。
在 417 名抽样人群中，有 390 名参与了本研究，应答率为 93.5%。研究表明，53.6%（95%置信区间[CI]：0.486-0.586）的 HIV 阳性儿童知晓其 HIV 阳性血清状态。有三个以上家庭成员的照顾者/母亲（优势比[OR]=1.984，95%CI：1.046-3.762）、年龄大于 10 岁的儿童（OR=6.679，95%CI：3.372-13.227）和接受 ART 治疗超过 5 年的儿童（OR=8.96，95%CI：6.402-12.257）是 HIV 阳性状态披露的预测因素。
与其他研究相比，该研究地区的 HIV 阳性状态披露率较高。家庭规模、儿童年龄和儿童接受 ART 的时间长短是 HIV 阳性儿童 HIV 阳性状态披露的预测因素。卫生保健提供者，特别是在儿科 ART 诊所工作的人员，在与照顾者合作时应考虑到这些因素，鼓励披露 HIV 阳性状态。
