Moghaddam Fatemeh Goldani, Salmani Fatemeh, Chahkandak Fatemeh Hoseinzadeh, Norozi Ensiyeh
Master Student of Health Education and Health Promotion, Student Research Committee, Department of Health Education and Promotion, Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand, Iran.
Social Determinants of Health Research Center, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Health, Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand, Iran.
J Educ Health Promot. 2023 Jun 30;12:197. doi: 10.4103/jehp.jehp_983_22. eCollection 2023.
Non-communicable illnesses are the leading reason for wide-reaching death. Reducing the burden of these illnesses is one of the significant objectives of the World Health Organization's action plan. In this respect, reducing salt consumption is one of the most cost-effective public health interventions. The present study aimed to adjust the Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB) in expecting salt consumption behavior in pregnant women visiting the health centers in Birjand.
In this cross-sectional study, 273 pregnant women who visited the health centers in Birjand were selected through Quota sampling method. The data were collected using a self-administered questionnaire based on the TPB constructs. The data analysis was done in SPSS 19 and AMOS 24.
The mean age of participants was 27.33 ± 5.77 years, and their mean gestational age was 12.67 ± 4.11 weeks. The mean score of attitude construct was 86.54 ± 8.50, subjective norm construct 36.59 ± 4.47, perceived behavioral control construct 41.63 ± 7.01, intention construct 16.01 ± 2.65 and behavior construct 19.86 ± 2.57. There was a statistically significant relationship between attitude construct ( < 0.001), perceived behavioral control ( < 0.001), and intention ( < 0.001) with salt consumption behavior ( < 0.05). The goodness of fit indices showed a proper fit of data (χ2/df = 1.94, PNFI = 0.6, TLI = 0.9, CFI = 0.9 and RMSE = 0.06).
The results of this study showed that the TPB is an appropriate model for reviewing the behavior of salt consumption. Hence, this model offers a suitable basis for designing an educational intervention to regulate the quantity of salt consumed by pregnant women and; thus, its usage in health promotion programs is suggested.
非传染性疾病是导致广泛死亡的主要原因。减轻这些疾病的负担是世界卫生组织行动计划的重要目标之一。在这方面，减少盐的摄入量是最具成本效益的公共卫生干预措施之一。本研究旨在调整计划行为理论（TPB），以预测在比尔詹德健康中心就诊的孕妇的盐摄入行为。
在这项横断面研究中，通过配额抽样法选取了273名在比尔詹德健康中心就诊的孕妇。数据通过基于TPB结构的自填式问卷收集。数据分析在SPSS 19和AMOS 24中进行。
参与者的平均年龄为27.33±5.77岁，平均孕周为12.67±4.11周。态度结构的平均得分为86.54±8.50，主观规范结构为36.59±4.47，感知行为控制结构为41.63±7.01，意图结构为16.01±2.65，行为结构为19.86±2.57。态度结构（<0.001）、感知行为控制（<0.001）和意图（<0.001）与盐摄入行为（<0.05）之间存在统计学上显著的关系。拟合优度指标显示数据拟合良好（χ2/df = 1.94，PNFI = 0.6，TLI = 0.9，CFI = 0.9，RMSE = 0.06）。
本研究结果表明，TPB是一个用于审视盐摄入行为的合适模型。因此，该模型为设计教育干预措施以调节孕妇盐摄入量提供了合适的基础；因此，建议将其用于健康促进项目。
