Singh Neha, Verma Santosh Kumar, Sharma Nitesh Kumar, Gupta Vivek, Jha Awanindra Kumar, Priyank Harsh
Department of Periodontology and Oral Implantology, Dental College, Rajendra Institute of Medical Sciences, Ranchi, Jharkhand, India.
Department of Dentistry, MGM Medical College and Hospital, Jamshedpur, India.
J Educ Health Promot. 2023 Jun 30;12:211. doi: 10.4103/jehp.jehp_15_23. eCollection 2023.
Menopause in females is a corporeal stage that gives rise to a number of adaptive changes both at systemic and oral levels, prototypically occurring in the late fourth or fifth decade of life. Though physiological aging affects the oral tissue, the hormonal changes due to menopause also act as a major contributing factor in deteriorating the health of oral tissues. Thus, the main aim of our study was to compare the overall periodontal status and alkaline phosphatase levels in the saliva of females in their pre and postmenopausal ages.
This study was conducted on 200 female subjects coming to the Department of Periodontology at Rajendra Institute of Medical Science for oral prophylaxis. The subjects were arbitrarily selected in the age group ranging from 15 to 70 years and were further divided based on the inclusion criteria. Group A included 100 subjects with age ranging from 15 to 45 years, and group B, 100 subjects with age 54 to 70 years. Signs of periodontitis including clinical attachment loss, furcation involvement, and probing depth and salivary alkaline levels were obtained, evaluated, compared, and analyzed.
In group A 65% of patients had grade 0 and 28% had grade 1 of clinical attachment level. Similarly in group B, 44% of the total had grade 0 of clinical attachment loss, 38% had grade 1, and 18% were of grade 2. On evaluating grades of furcation involvement, around 45% of the total patients in group A were grade 1 (incipient, pocket formation), while in group B, 51% of the total patients were grade 1. At least 46% in group A and only 20% in group B had no signs of furcation involvement. Salivary alkaline phosphatase levels in pre and postmenopausal patients showed a significant difference between the two groups was obtained.
The study concluded a major difference in the periodontal health of pre and postmenopausal women with many influencing factors apart from menopause itself.
女性绝经是一个身体阶段，会在全身和口腔层面引发一系列适应性变化，典型地发生在生命的第四或第五个十年后期。虽然生理衰老会影响口腔组织，但绝经引起的激素变化也是导致口腔组织健康恶化的一个主要因素。因此，我们研究的主要目的是比较绝经前后女性的整体牙周状况和唾液中的碱性磷酸酶水平。
本研究对200名到拉金德拉医学科学研究所牙周病科进行口腔预防治疗的女性受试者进行。受试者在15至70岁年龄组中随机选取，并根据纳入标准进一步分组。A组包括100名年龄在15至45岁之间的受试者，B组包括100名年龄在54至70岁之间的受试者。获取、评估、比较和分析了牙周炎的体征，包括临床附着丧失、根分叉病变和探诊深度以及唾液碱性水平。
A组中65% 的患者临床附着水平为0级，28% 为1级。同样，B组中44% 的患者临床附着丧失为0级，38% 为1级，18% 为2级。在评估根分叉病变分级时，A组约45% 的患者为1级（初期，袋形成），而B组中51% 的患者为1级。A组至少46% 的患者和B组仅20% 的患者没有根分叉病变的体征。绝经前后患者的唾液碱性磷酸酶水平在两组之间存在显著差异。
该研究得出结论，绝经前后女性在牙周健康方面存在重大差异，除绝经本身外还有许多影响因素。
