Agro-products Processing Research Institute, Yunnan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Kunming, Yunnan, China.
School of Food Science and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China.
PeerJ. 2023 Aug 1;11:e15517. doi: 10.7717/peerj.15517. eCollection 2023.
Yanzhiguo [ (Ser.) Steud] belongs to e family and is consumed as wild fruit, pulp and juice. However, its potential for extracting natural pigment has not yet been explored. Herein, the components in the fresh Yanzhiguo pulp were preliminarily analyzed by liquid chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry. And, the optimal pre-treatment conditions were established for further extraction of Yanzhiguo pigment based on the a* value. Then, by combining the data from single-factor experiments and response surface methodology, the optimal extraction process was established as: 35% EtOH, a liquid-solid ratio of 200:1 mL g, an extraction time of 65 min, and an extraction temperature of 100 °C. Moreover, it was found that the a* value and yield had high fitness except when extracted into ethanol (EtOH) with different concentrations. Meanwhile, our result demonstrated Yanzhiguo pigment had high stability in general environments with carmine (a synthetic pigment) as control, except for extreme environments such as direct (hot) sunlight, high temperature (75 °C) and strong alkaline (pH 11). Also, Yanzhiguo pigment exhibited good antioxidant activity. Our results contribute to more information on Yanzhiguo pigment and promote its application by providing efficient extraction technology.
盐肤果[(Ser.) Steud]属于漆树科，作为野生水果食用，其果肉和果汁也可食用。然而，其提取天然色素的潜力尚未被开发。本文采用液质联用技术对盐肤果新鲜果肉中的成分进行了初步分析，并基于 a值建立了进一步提取盐肤果色素的最佳预处理条件。然后，通过结合单因素实验和响应面法的数据，建立了最佳提取工艺为：35%乙醇，液固比为 200:1 mL g，提取时间为 65 min，提取温度为 100°C。此外，研究发现，除了用不同浓度的乙醇（EtOH）提取外，a值和产率的拟合度都很高。同时，与胭脂红（一种合成色素）作为对照，我们的结果表明，盐肤果色素在一般环境中具有较高的稳定性，除了直接（热）阳光、高温（75°C）和强碱性（pH 11）等极端环境外。此外，盐肤果色素还具有良好的抗氧化活性。本研究为盐肤果色素提供了更多信息，通过提供高效的提取技术，促进了其应用。
