Kim Amanda, Suzuki Joji
Department of Psychiatry, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.
Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.
Am J Addict. 2023 Nov;32(6):606-609. doi: 10.1111/ajad.13461. Epub 2023 Aug 7.
In recent years, there has been accelerating scientific and public interest in the use of psychedelics to treat mental health disorders. Our study's objective was to assess the attitudes of addiction specialists regarding therapeutic psychedelics.
Our study utilized an anonymous online survey to assess the opinions of 145 addiction specialists regarding the therapeutic promise, potential risks, and legalization of psychedelics in the treatment of psychiatric illness and substance use disorders. Psychedelics were defined in the survey as inclusive of nonserotonergic hallucinogens such as ketamine or MDMA in addition to "classic" serotonergic psychedelics.
Most respondents expressed positive attitudes to the therapeutic use of psychedelics, but a sizeable minority expressed concern for their addictive potential. Familiarity with psychedelic scientific literature was the strongest positive predictor of belief in the therapeutic potential of psychedelics, while concern for addictive potential was the strongest negative predictor.
Participants overall expressed more positive attitudes to the therapeutic use of psychedelics than we had hypothesized. This may be attributable to the accelerating pace of psychedelics research in recent years. Given the strong influence of concern for addiction risk on attitudes, future study is warranted to explore the findings regarding these concerns. These findings may also represent an opportunity for improved education of physicians regarding the addictive potential, and relative risks/benefits of psychedelics.
Though there have been several prior studies assessing psychiatrist and psychologist attitudes toward psychedelics, we are unaware of any specifically examining the opinions of addiction specialists.
近年来，科学界和公众对使用迷幻药治疗精神健康障碍的兴趣日益浓厚。我们研究的目的是评估成瘾专家对治疗用迷幻药的态度。
我们的研究采用匿名在线调查，以评估145位成瘾专家对迷幻药在治疗精神疾病和物质使用障碍方面的治疗前景、潜在风险及合法化的看法。调查中对迷幻药的定义包括“经典”的血清素能迷幻药以及非血清素能致幻剂，如氯胺酮或摇头丸。
大多数受访者对迷幻药的治疗用途持积极态度，但也有相当一部分人对其成瘾潜力表示担忧。对迷幻药科学文献的熟悉程度是相信迷幻药治疗潜力的最强积极预测因素，而成瘾潜力担忧则是最强的消极预测因素。
总体而言，参与者对迷幻药治疗用途的态度比我们预期的更为积极。这可能归因于近年来迷幻药研究步伐的加快。鉴于成瘾风险担忧对态度的强烈影响，有必要进行进一步研究以探讨这些担忧的相关发现。这些发现也可能为改善医生对迷幻药成瘾潜力及相对风险/益处的教育提供契机。
尽管此前有多项研究评估了精神科医生和心理学家对迷幻药的态度，但我们尚未发现有专门研究成瘾专家看法的。
