Park Hye-Ryeon, Kim Na-Geong
Department of Nursing, Kyungil University, 50, Gamasil-gil, Hayang-eup, Gyeongsan-si, Gyeongsangbuk-do, Republic of Korea.
Department of Nursing, Gimhae College, 198, Saman-ro 112beon-gil, Gimhae-si, Gyeongsangnam-do, Republic of Korea.
Belitung Nurs J. 2022 Dec 27;8(6):505-510. doi: 10.33546/bnj.2167. eCollection 2022.
Diabetes mellitus and its prevalence are rising dramatically in Korea and throughout the world, not only in adults but in adolescents.
This study aimed to identify the sex-specific factors that influence eating disorders in adolescents with type 1 diabetes.
A secondary analysis of a descriptive survey was employed. Raw data from 136 adolescents aged 13 to 18 years who were diagnosed with type 1 diabetes were obtained in the original study using the Diabetes Eating Problem Survey-Revised (DEPS-R), Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale (RSES), and Beck Depression Inventory-II (BDI-II). The data were analyzed using the independent -test and multiple regression analysis.
The female and male participants with eating disorders scored 21.67 ± 11.70 and 13.15 ± 8.03 points, respectively. Among the adolescents with type 1 diabetes, the factors related to eating disorders in female participants were body image satisfaction ( = 0.48, <0.001) and depression ( = 0.22, = 0.043), accounting for 33.4% of the variance. While the factors related to eating disorders in the male participants were BMI ( = 0.33, = 0.006) and depression ( = 0.28, = 0.017), accounting for 17.4% of the variance.
Sex-specific factors should be considered to induce healthy eating behavior in adolescents with type 1 diabetes and reduce eating disorders. Moreover, it is necessary for female adolescents to perceive their body type accurately, and male adolescents need exercise and nutrition education to lower their body mass index. Collaborations between medical practitioners, changes in the medical environment, and social interests are necessary. Since depression is the common factor associated with eating disorders in female and male adolescents with type 1 diabetes, a periodic depression screening test and intervention program that can lower depression should be developed. At the government level, it is necessary to strengthen economic support for cost interventions.
糖尿病及其患病率在韩国乃至全球都在急剧上升，不仅在成年人中如此，在青少年中也是如此。
本研究旨在确定影响1型糖尿病青少年饮食失调的性别特异性因素。
采用描述性调查的二次分析。在原研究中，使用糖尿病饮食问题调查修订版（DEPS-R）、罗森伯格自尊量表（RSES）和贝克抑郁量表第二版（BDI-II），获取了136名13至18岁被诊断为1型糖尿病青少年的原始数据。数据采用独立样本t检验和多元回归分析。
患有饮食失调的女性和男性参与者得分分别为21.67±11.70分和13.15±8.03分。在1型糖尿病青少年中，与女性参与者饮食失调相关的因素是身体形象满意度（β = 0.48，P <0.001）和抑郁（β = 0.22，P = 0.043），占变异的33.4%。而与男性参与者饮食失调相关的因素是体重指数（BMI）（β = 0.33，P = 0.006）和抑郁（β = 0.28，P = 0.017），占变异的17.4%。
应考虑性别特异性因素，以促使1型糖尿病青少年养成健康的饮食行为并减少饮食失调。此外，女性青少年有必要准确认识自己的体型，男性青少年需要运动和营养教育以降低体重指数。医生之间的合作、医疗环境的改变以及社会关注是必要的。由于抑郁是1型糖尿病女性和男性青少年饮食失调的共同相关因素，应制定可降低抑郁的定期抑郁筛查测试和干预计划。在政府层面，有必要加强对成本干预的经济支持。
