Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
Brain Behav Immun. 2023 Oct;113:444-452. doi: 10.1016/j.bbi.2023.08.008. Epub 2023 Aug 7.
One of the most notable limitations of laboratory-based health research is its inability to continuously monitor health-relevant physiological processes as individuals go about their daily lives. As a result, we have generated large amounts of data with unknown generalizability to real-world situations and also created a schism between where data are collected (i.e., in the lab) and where we need to intervene to prevent disease (i.e., in the field). Devices using noninvasive wearable technology are changing all of this, however, with their ability to provide high-frequency assessments of peoples' ever-changing physiological states in daily life in a manner that is relatively noninvasive, affordable, and scalable. Here, we discuss critical points that every researcher should keep in mind when using these wearables in research, spanning device and metric decisions, hardware and software selection, and data quality and sampling rate issues, using research on stress and health as an example throughout. We also address usability and participant acceptability issues, and how wearable "digital biomarker" and behavioral data can be integrated to enhance basic science and intervention studies. Finally, we summarize 10 key questions that should be addressed to make every wearable study as strong as possible. Collectively, keeping these points in mind can improve our ability to study the psychobiology of human health, and to intervene, precisely where it matters most: in peoples' daily lives.
实验室为基础的健康研究最显著的局限性之一是，它无法在个体进行日常生活时持续监测与健康相关的生理过程。因此，我们生成了大量数据，但这些数据对于实际情况的普遍适用性未知，而且在数据收集（即在实验室）和我们需要进行干预以预防疾病（即在现场）的地方之间也造成了隔阂。然而，使用非侵入性可穿戴技术的设备正在改变这一切，它们能够以相对非侵入性、经济实惠且可扩展的方式，提供人们日常生活中不断变化的生理状态的高频评估。在这里，我们讨论了每个研究人员在使用这些可穿戴设备进行研究时都应牢记的关键点，涵盖设备和指标决策、硬件和软件选择以及数据质量和采样率问题，整个过程都以压力和健康研究为例。我们还解决了可用性和参与者接受度问题，以及如何整合可穿戴“数字生物标志物”和行为数据，以增强基础科学和干预研究。最后，我们总结了 10 个关键问题，这些问题应该得到解决，以使每个可穿戴研究尽可能强大。总之，牢记这些要点可以提高我们研究人类健康的心理生物学的能力，并在最关键的地方进行干预：在人们的日常生活中。
