Skuladottir Sigrun S, Hjaltadottir Ingibjorg, Launer Lenore, Cotch Mary-Frances, Siggeirsdottir Kristin, Gudnason Vilmundur, Sigurdsson Gunnar, Steingrimsdottir Laufey, Halldorsson Thorhallur, Ramel Alfons
The Icelandic Gerontological Research Institute, Reykjavik, Iceland.
Faculty of Food Science and Nutrition, University of Iceland, Reykjavik, Iceland.
Osteoporos Int. 2023 Nov;34(11):1951-1959. doi: 10.1007/s00198-023-06883-8. Epub 2023 Aug 10.
Milk and milk products have been known as important for bone health. Can ingestion of milk and milk products lower hip fracture risk for older adults? In this study, older Icelandic adults who were ingesting higher milk had a lower risk of hip fractures.
This study describes associations between milk intake and hip fracture risk in older Icelanders. The data indicate that no/low milk consumption is related to greater hip fracture risk. Hip fracture can have a severe effect on the life of older adults. Health authorities recommend milk intake for better bone health. However, previous studies addressing this association have been divergent.
This prospective study included 4614 subjects (mean age 76 years) recruited between 2002 and 2006 into the Age, Gene/Environment Susceptibility-Reykjavik (AGES-Reykjavik) study. Information on hip fractures occurring between recruitment and end of follow-up in 2012 was extracted from hospital records.
A total of 14% of participants reported milk intake < 0.5 times/day (the lowest category) and 22% of the participants consumed at least milk two times/day (highest category). Milk consumption was positively related to the volumetric bone mineral density at baseline with a sex- and age-adjusted difference of 8.95 ± 2.5 mg/cm between the highest compared to lowest milk intake categories (P < 0.001). During the follow-up, 7.4% of participants had a hip fracture, and we observed a decreased risk of incident hip fractures in the highest compared to the lowest milk intake category with a hazard ratio of 0.69 (95% CI: 0.47-0.99) in adjusted model. Further analysis indicated a linear relationship between milk intake and fracture risk (P-value for linear trend < 0.001).
Milk intake is associated with a lower risk of incident hip fracture in a linear way in Icelandic community-dwelling older adults.
牛奶及奶制品一直被认为对骨骼健康很重要。摄入牛奶及奶制品能否降低老年人髋部骨折风险？在本研究中，摄入较多牛奶的冰岛老年人髋部骨折风险较低。
本研究描述了冰岛老年人牛奶摄入量与髋部骨折风险之间的关联。数据表明，不摄入/低牛奶摄入量与更高的髋部骨折风险相关。髋部骨折会对老年人的生活产生严重影响。卫生当局建议摄入牛奶以促进骨骼健康。然而，以往关于这种关联的研究结果并不一致。
这项前瞻性研究纳入了2002年至2006年间招募到年龄、基因/环境易感性-雷克雅未克（AGES-雷克雅未克）研究中的4614名受试者（平均年龄76岁）。从医院记录中提取了招募至2012年随访结束期间发生的髋部骨折信息。
共有14%的参与者报告牛奶摄入量<0.5次/天（最低类别），22%的参与者每天至少饮用牛奶两次（最高类别）。牛奶摄入量与基线时的体积骨密度呈正相关，最高与最低牛奶摄入量类别之间经性别和年龄调整后的差异为8.95±2.5mg/cm（P<0.001）。在随访期间，7.4%的参与者发生了髋部骨折，我们观察到与最低牛奶摄入量类别相比，最高牛奶摄入量类别中发生髋部骨折的风险降低，调整模型中的风险比为0.69（95%CI：0.47-0.99）。进一步分析表明牛奶摄入量与骨折风险之间存在线性关系（线性趋势P值<0.001）。
在冰岛社区居住的老年人中，牛奶摄入量与新发髋部骨折风险呈线性降低相关。
