John A. Burns School of Medicine, University of Hawai'i, Honolulu, HI.
Hawaii J Health Soc Welf. 2023 Aug;82(8):183-187.
There is an estimated shortage of 46 000 to 90 000 physicians in the US, especially in rural areas. Physicians working in rural areas often maintain a larger scope of practice compared to their urban counterparts. This scope may include performing procedures which may require additional training, and lack of that training may limit rural physicians' capability to perform procedures. Physicians practicing in rural areas of Hawai'i were surveyed about their scope of practice regarding procedures and the perceived hindrances in performing procedures. Physicians identified as rural practitioners and rural physicians attending local conferences were asked to participate. Forty-seven (out of 301) rural Hawai'i physicians participated in the survey, of which 89% reported performing procedures. The most common procedures performed included suture removal, incision and drainage, wound care, and suturing. Of the 47 respondents, a total of 28 physicians or 60% reported wishing to perform procedures but not doing so. The procedures physicians would like to perform included gynecological (36%), casting (21%) and wound care (14%). Barriers to performing procedures included lack of time (51%), inadequate training (37%), out of practice (22%), and poor reimbursement (17%). While most rural physicians in this study perform procedures, many would like to perform more. Lack of training and support are significant barriers to increasing scope of procedures performed. Medical schools, residencies, and continuing education programs should consider expanding training in these areas, especially for those planning to practice or currently practicing in rural areas.
据估计,美国目前短缺 46000 至 90000 名医生,尤其是在农村地区。在农村地区工作的医生通常比城市同行的实践范围更广。这一范围可能包括开展需要额外培训的手术,但缺乏这种培训可能会限制农村医生开展手术的能力。夏威夷农村地区的医生接受了关于手术范围以及开展手术时遇到的障碍的调查。邀请被认定为农村医生和参加当地会议的农村医生参与调查。共有 47 名(301 名中)农村夏威夷医生参与了调查,其中 89%的人报告开展了手术。最常见的手术包括拆线、切开引流、伤口护理和缝合。在 47 名受访者中,共有 28 名医生或 60%表示希望开展手术但未开展。他们希望开展的手术包括妇科手术(36%)、打石膏(21%)和伤口护理(14%)。开展手术的障碍包括缺乏时间(51%)、培训不足(37%)、缺乏实践(22%)和报销不佳(17%)。尽管本研究中的大多数农村医生都开展手术,但许多人希望开展更多手术。缺乏培训和支持是扩大手术范围的重大障碍。医学院、住院医师培训计划和继续教育项目应考虑扩大这些领域的培训,尤其是针对那些计划在农村地区行医或已经在农村地区行医的医生。