Piotrowicz Zofia, Czuba Miłosz, Chalimoniuk Małgorzata, Langfort Józef
Institute of Sport Sciences, The Jerzy Kukuczka Academy of Physical Education, Katowice, Poland.
Department of Applied and Clinical Physiology, Collegium Medicum University of Zielona Gora, Zielona Gora, Poland.
J Hum Kinet. 2023 Jul 15;87:77-93. doi: 10.5114/jhk/168282. eCollection 2023 Jul.
The aim of the study was to examine whether a single bout of exercise to volitional exhaustion, performed under moderate normobaric hypoxia (H), would affect psychomotor performance (PP) in differently trained athletes. For this purpose, ten strength-trained (S) athletes, ten endurance-trained (E) athletes and ten healthy men leading a sedentary lifestyle as a control (C) group performed voluntarily two graded exercise tests until volitional exhaustion (EVE) under normoxia (N) and H (FiO = 14.7%). We measured the peripheral level of the brain derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), choice reaction time (CRT) and the number of correct reactions (NCR) as indices of PP. Psychomotor tests were performed at rest, immediately after the EVE and 3 minutes after the EVE. Venous blood samples were collected at rest, immediately after cessation of each EVE, and 1 h after each EVE. The results showed that the EVE significantly (p < 0.05) impaired CRT under N and H, and NCR under H only in the E group. The higher WR in the E compared to the S and C groups was associated with a significant (p < 0.005) increase in adrenaline (A) and noradrenaline (NA). There were no significant differences between conditions (N vs. H) in the BDNF at rest and after exercise. The EVE impaired cognitive function only in the E group; higher involvement of the sympathetic nervous system, A and NA may also play a role in this phenomenon. Therefore, it can be concluded that exposure to H did not have a negative impact on CRT or NCR. Moreover, BDNF did not improve cognitive function.
本研究的目的是检验在中度常压缺氧（H）条件下进行一次运动至意志性疲劳，是否会对不同训练水平的运动员的心理运动表现（PP）产生影响。为此，十名力量训练（S）运动员、十名耐力训练（E）运动员和十名久坐不动的健康男性作为对照组（C），在常氧（N）和H（FiO₂ = 14.7%）条件下自愿进行两次分级运动测试，直至意志性疲劳（EVE）。我们测量了外周脑源性神经营养因子（BDNF）水平、选择反应时（CRT）和正确反应次数（NCR）作为PP的指标。心理运动测试在静息时、EVE后即刻和EVE后3分钟进行。在静息时、每次EVE结束后即刻以及每次EVE后1小时采集静脉血样。结果显示，EVE在N和H条件下均显著（p < 0.05）损害了CRT，且仅在E组中，H条件下损害了NCR。与S组和C组相比，E组更高的运动做功（WR）与肾上腺素（A）和去甲肾上腺素（NA）的显著（p < 0.005）升高相关。静息时和运动后BDNF在不同条件（N与H）之间无显著差异。EVE仅在E组中损害了认知功能；交感神经系统、A和NA的更高参与度也可能在这一现象中起作用。因此，可以得出结论，暴露于H对CRT或NCR没有负面影响。此外，BDNF并未改善认知功能。
