Rodziewicz Ewa, Król-Zielińska Magdalena, Zieliński Jacek, Kusy Krzysztof, Ziemann Ewa
Department of Physical Therapy and Biological Regeneration, Gdańsk University of Physical Education and Sport, Gdańsk, Poland.
Department of Physical Education and Lifelong Sports, Poznań University of Physical Education, Poznań, Poland.
Front Physiol. 2020 Jul 31;11:923. doi: 10.3389/fphys.2020.00923. eCollection 2020.
The study aimed to assess the effect of a single bout of incremental exercise on irisin and BDNF plasma concentrations as related to erythrocyte purine nucleotides concentration at rest and after exercise. Master endurance master athletes (training experience 38 ± 6 years) and a group of untrained participants completed a single bout of progressive incremental exercise test until exhaustion. The dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry and blood collection were performed. Blood was taken twice at rest and 10 min after exercise. Concentrations of ATP, ADP, and AMP were assessed in the erythrocytes. Hypoxanthine and uric acid were determined in plasma using the high-performance liquid chromatography. Plasma concentrations of irisin and BDNF were assessed through the immunoenzymatic method. The ATP level, ATP/ADP ratio and AEC value were significantly higher in the athletic group. A significantly higher concentration of BDNF was it also noted in the trained group that correlated with the erythrocyte energy status at rest. The single session of exercise induced a significant increase in ATP erythrocyte levels in both groups. Both exerkines significantly correlated at rest with red blood cell adenine nucleotides and degradation products (BDNF positively and irisin negatively). The blood concentration of BDNF and irisin, in response to exercise, was not significantly different between groups. Obtained data revealed a higher erythrocyte energy status and lower purine degradation products concentration in master athletes. Also resting plasma exerkines differed substantially between groups. In conclusion, long-term training resulted in exercise adaptation reflected by a higher erythrocyte energy status, lower purine degradation products concentration and modified concentration of exerkines (higher BDNF and lower irisin blood concentrations). Therefore, we consider the training-induced adaptations in master athletes to be beneficial and significant. The moderate level of physical activity in the untrained group, even if sufficient in terms of general health, did not cause any discernible changes.
该研究旨在评估单次递增运动对鸢尾素和脑源性神经营养因子（BDNF）血浆浓度的影响，以及这些影响与静息状态和运动后红细胞嘌呤核苷酸浓度的关系。耐力项目的大师级运动员（训练经验38±6年）和一组未经训练的参与者完成了单次递增运动测试，直至力竭。进行了双能X线吸收法和血液采集。在静息状态和运动后10分钟采集两次血液。评估红细胞中三磷酸腺苷（ATP）、二磷酸腺苷（ADP）和一磷酸腺苷（AMP）的浓度。使用高效液相色谱法测定血浆中的次黄嘌呤和尿酸。通过免疫酶法评估鸢尾素和BDNF的血浆浓度。运动员组的ATP水平、ATP/ADP比值和AEC值显著更高。在训练组中还发现BDNF浓度显著更高，且与静息状态下的红细胞能量状态相关。两组单次运动均导致红细胞ATP水平显著升高。两种运动因子在静息状态下均与红细胞腺嘌呤核苷酸及其降解产物显著相关（BDNF呈正相关，鸢尾素呈负相关）。运动后，两组之间BDNF和鸢尾素的血液浓度无显著差异。获得的数据显示，大师级运动员的红细胞能量状态更高，嘌呤降解产物浓度更低。此外，两组静息血浆中的运动因子也有很大差异。总之，长期训练导致了运动适应性，表现为更高的红细胞能量状态、更低的嘌呤降解产物浓度以及运动因子浓度的改变（血液中BDNF浓度更高，鸢尾素浓度更低）。因此，我们认为大师级运动员中训练诱导的适应性变化是有益且显著的。未经训练组的适度身体活动，即使在总体健康方面足够，也未引起任何明显变化。
