Theodorou Apostolos S, Panoutsakopoulos Vassilios, Exell Timothy A, Cassirame Johan, Sanchez Hervé, Kotzamanidou Mariana C
School of Physical Education & Sport Science (SEFAA), National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Dafni Athens, Greece.
Biomechanics Laboratory, School of Physical Education and Sport Science at Thessaloniki, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece.
J Hum Kinet. 2023 Jul 15;87:41-49. doi: 10.5114/jhk/163060. eCollection 2023 Jul.
The purpose of the study was to identify the interaction of step characteristics, along with the direction and magnitude of their asymmetry of elite male and female pole vaulters between successful and failed attempts. It was hypothesized that step characteristics and the magnitude of asymmetry between the two legs would interact with the outcome of the attempt. The approach runs of 12 pole vaulters (7 males, 5 females) were recorded during an indoor international competition. The leg used by the athlete for taking-off was defined as the non-pole-carrying leg, while the other was the pole-carrying leg. Using spatiotemporal information obtained from recordings with a panning camera (300 fps), the last steps of each athlete's approach run were analyzed for length, frequency, average velocity, and inter-limb asymmetry. There was no inter-limb difference (p > 0.05) in the absolute values of step length or step velocity between successful and failed attempts. However, the pole-carrying leg presented significantly (p < 0.05) higher step frequency values at the failed attempts. There was no significant difference (p > 0.05) in asymmetry values for step length, frequency, and average velocity between successful and failed attempts. Although step velocity remained unaffected, failed attempts were characterized by a perturbation in the interaction of step frequency and step length. The present findings suggest that although high velocity at the final phase of the approach is essential, it is not the sole determining factor for a successful attempt.
本研究的目的是确定优秀男女撑杆跳高运动员在成功与失败试跳中步幅特征及其不对称方向和程度之间的相互作用。研究假设步幅特征和双腿之间的不对称程度会与试跳结果相互作用。在一次室内国际比赛中，记录了12名撑杆跳高运动员（7名男性，5名女性）的助跑过程。运动员用于起跳的腿被定义为非持杆腿，另一条腿为持杆腿。利用从平移摄像机（300帧/秒）记录中获得的时空信息，分析了每位运动员助跑最后几步的长度、频率、平均速度和肢体间不对称性。成功与失败试跳之间，步长或步速的绝对值在肢体间没有差异（p>0.05）。然而，在失败试跳中，持杆腿的步频值显著更高（p<0.05）。成功与失败试跳之间，步长、频率和平均速度的不对称值没有显著差异（p>0.05）。尽管步速保持不变，但失败试跳的特点是步频和步长的相互作用受到干扰。目前的研究结果表明，尽管助跑最后阶段的高速至关重要，但它不是成功试跳的唯一决定因素。
