Jomehpour Hamid, Pouriran Mohammad Amin, Heydari Yazdi Aazam Sadat, Baghban Haghighi Mehri, Dastgheib Masume Sadat, Omidvar-Tehrani Sahar, Talaei Ali
Student Research Committee, School of Medicine, Shahroud University of Medical Sciences, Shahroud, Iran.
Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
Addict Health. 2022 Oct;14(4):256-262. doi: 10.34172/ahj.2022.1334. Epub 2022 Oct 29.
Methadone maintenance treatment (MMT) can theoretically reduce the psychosocial harms of opioid dependency. The increasing number of MMT clinics in Iran during the last two decades was not accompanied by a reduction in addiction rates. Therefore, this study was conducted to compare the psychopathological characteristics of individuals on MMT, opioid dependents, and a control group in the Iranian population.
This cross-sectional study was conducted in Mashhad to evaluate the psychopathological profile of 99 participants (33 opioid-dependent individuals [ODI], 33 MMT clients, and 33 controls) using the Symptom Checklist-90-Revised (SCL-90-R) questionnaire and demographic form. Parametric and non-parametric tests were used to compare the mean score of symptoms between the three groups. The Spearman correlation test was used to test the correlation of psychological features with age and dependency duration.
There was no significant difference between MMT clients and ODI regarding the Global Severity Index (GSI) and nine items of the SCL-90-R questionnaire. However, a significant difference was found between the controls and two other groups (<0.001). Paranoid ideation in the ODI was more frequent compared to MMT clients significantly (=0.015). Psychological characteristics had a direct correlation with dependency duration and an inverse correlation with age (<0.05).
Psychopathologic features observed in the dependent patients and MMT clients were significantly higher than in the control group. It seems that the psychopathology profile in MMT clients was not better than dependent individuals in Iran.
美沙酮维持治疗（MMT）理论上可减少阿片类药物依赖的社会心理危害。在过去二十年中，伊朗美沙酮维持治疗诊所数量不断增加，但成瘾率并未随之降低。因此，本研究旨在比较伊朗人群中接受美沙酮维持治疗者、阿片类药物依赖者和对照组的心理病理特征。
本横断面研究在马什哈德进行，使用症状自评量表90修订版（SCL-90-R）问卷和人口统计学表格评估99名参与者（33名阿片类药物依赖个体[ODI]、33名美沙酮维持治疗患者和33名对照组）的心理病理特征。采用参数检验和非参数检验比较三组之间的症状平均得分。使用Spearman相关检验来检验心理特征与年龄和依赖持续时间的相关性。
在总体严重程度指数（GSI）和SCL-90-R问卷的九个项目方面，美沙酮维持治疗患者和阿片类药物依赖个体之间没有显著差异。然而，对照组与其他两组之间存在显著差异（<0.001）。与美沙酮维持治疗患者相比，阿片类药物依赖个体的偏执观念更为频繁（=0.015）。心理特征与依赖持续时间呈正相关，与年龄呈负相关（<0.05）。
观察到依赖患者和美沙酮维持治疗患者的心理病理特征显著高于对照组。在伊朗，美沙酮维持治疗患者的心理病理状况似乎并不优于依赖个体。
