Shankar Rajashree, Bhattacharya Vandana
Department of Public Health, The National Institute of Health and Family Welfare, Baba Gang Nath Marg, New Delhi, 110064, India.
Addict Health. 2022 Oct;14(4):296-308. doi: 10.34172/ahj.2022.1274. Epub 2022 Oct 29.
COVID-19 pandemic has brought many public health issues, including substance use and abuse. Individuals abusing substances are vulnerable to severe infections caused by SARS-CoV-2 virus as well as impairment of the immune system, mental health, and physical health. Despite considerable efforts to minimize and prevent substance use, the use of tobacco, alcohol, and illicit substances is ever increasing resulting in morbidity and mortality which significantly leads to socio-economic costs.
A quantitative review of the literature searched in PubMed and Google Scholar databases yielded a total of 1416 studies among which 27 cross-sectional studies, conducted on the general population of 15 and above years of age, were selected based on the eligibility criteria.
A sample of 1,021,118 individuals were investigated in this study. The most commonly used substances were marijuana (100%), methadone (69.86%), and large cigar (60%). A total of 26 substances were reported to have been used during pandemic, 13 of which showed trends in usage (increased/decreased/no change). Of the total sample, 45.89% were males, 54.14% females, and 1.28% others.
Everyone and anyone is susceptible to alcohol, tobacco, and other substance use and abuse at different stages of their lives. Therefore, the need for effective preventive strategies is critical in community efforts to combat substance abuse. Combined efforts from local and global stakeholders will lead to curbing the issue of substance use and abuse worldwide.
新冠疫情带来了诸多公共卫生问题，包括药物使用和滥用。滥用药物的个体易受严重急性呼吸综合征冠状病毒2（SARS-CoV-2）病毒感染，且免疫系统、心理健康和身体健康也会受损。尽管为尽量减少和预防药物使用付出了巨大努力，但烟草、酒精和非法药物的使用仍在不断增加，导致发病率和死亡率上升，进而带来巨大的社会经济成本。
对在PubMed和谷歌学术数据库中检索到的文献进行定量综述，共获得1416项研究，其中根据纳入标准选取了27项针对15岁及以上普通人群开展的横断面研究。
本研究调查了1,021,118名个体。最常用的药物是大麻（100%）、美沙酮（69.86%）和大雪茄（60%）。据报告，疫情期间共使用了26种药物，其中13种呈现使用趋势（增加/减少/无变化）。在全部样本中，男性占45.89%，女性占54.14%，其他占1.28%。
每个人在其生命的不同阶段都可能受到酒精、烟草和其他药物使用及滥用的影响。因此，在社区打击药物滥用工作中，制定有效的预防策略至关重要。地方和全球利益相关者的共同努力将有助于遏制全球范围内的药物使用和滥用问题。
