Roth W T, Telch M J, Taylor C B, Sachitano J A, Gallen C C, Kopell M L, McClenahan K L, Agras W S, Pfefferbaum A
Biol Psychiatry. 1986 Oct;21(12):1133-54. doi: 10.1016/0006-3223(86)90221-0.
We compared electrodermal and heart rate measures of autonomic activation between patients meeting DSM-III criteria for agoraphobia with panic attacks and controls in terms of tonic level, reactivity to various types of stimuli, recovery, habituation, and spontaneous variability. The most striking differences between groups in the laboratory were higher tonic levels of skin conductance and heart rate among patients. Patients' heart rates were also tonically elevated in a test situation outside the laboratory. Certain measures of habituation and spontaneous variability also differed between groups, but there were only weak and inconsistent differences in reactivity to, or recovery from, stimuli with diverse qualities of novelty, startlingness, intensity, or phobicity. The elevated activation levels may be signs of a chronic state or may be phobic responses to the testing situations. A minority of patients failed to show these elevated levels.
我们比较了符合《精神疾病诊断与统计手册第三版》（DSM-III）中伴有惊恐发作的广场恐惧症标准的患者与对照组之间自主神经激活的皮肤电反应和心率指标，涉及静息水平、对各种类型刺激的反应性、恢复情况、习惯化以及自发变异性。在实验室中，两组之间最显著的差异是患者的皮肤电导和心率静息水平较高。在实验室之外的测试情境中，患者的心率也呈静息性升高。两组之间在某些习惯化和自发变异性指标上也存在差异，但在对具有不同新奇性、惊人性、强度或恐惧性的刺激的反应性或恢复情况方面，只有微弱且不一致的差异。激活水平升高可能是慢性状态的标志，也可能是对测试情境的恐惧反应。少数患者未表现出这些升高的水平。
