Department of Pharmacy, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, People's Republic of China.
Institute for Rational and Safe Medication Practices, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, People's Republic of China.
Nutr Neurosci. 2024 Jun;27(6):528-546. doi: 10.1080/1028415X.2023.2233176. Epub 2023 Aug 11.
Accumulating evidence have shown that diet and nutrition play significant roles in mental illness, such as depression, anxiety and bipolar disorder. However, comprehensive evaluation of the relationship between nutrition and schizophrenia is lacking.
The present review aims to synthetic elaborate the associations between nutrition and schizophrenia. Relevant studies on dietary patterns, macronutrients, micronutrients were performed through a literature search to synthesize the extracted data.
Dietary interventions may help prevent the occurrence of schizophrenia, or delay symptoms: Healthy diets like nutritious plant-based foods and high-quality protein, have been linked to reducing the risk or symptoms of schizophrenia. Moreover, diet high in saturated fat and sugar is linked to more serious outcomes of schizophrenia. Additionally, when N-acetylcysteine acts as an adjuvant therapy, the overall symptoms of schizophrenia are significantly reduced. Also nascent evidence showed mental disorders may be related to intestinal microbiota dysfunction. Our study offered important insights into the dietary habits of patients with schizophrenia and the potential impact of nutritional factors on the disease. We also emphasized the need for further research, particularly in the form of large randomized double-blind controlled trials, to better understand the effects of nutrients on schizophrenia symptoms in different populations and disease types.
越来越多的证据表明，饮食和营养在精神疾病（如抑郁症、焦虑症和双相情感障碍）中起着重要作用。然而，目前缺乏对营养与精神分裂症之间关系的综合评估。
本综述旨在综合阐述营养与精神分裂症之间的关系。通过文献检索，对饮食模式、宏量营养素和微量营养素相关的研究进行了综合分析，以综合提取的数据。
饮食干预可能有助于预防精神分裂症的发生，或延缓症状：健康的饮食，如营养丰富的植物性食物和高质量蛋白质，与降低精神分裂症的风险或症状有关。此外，高饱和脂肪和糖的饮食与精神分裂症更严重的后果有关。此外，当 N-乙酰半胱氨酸作为辅助治疗时，精神分裂症的整体症状明显减轻。此外，初步证据表明，精神障碍可能与肠道微生物群功能障碍有关。我们的研究为精神分裂症患者的饮食习惯和营养因素对疾病的潜在影响提供了重要的见解。我们还强调需要进一步的研究，特别是采用大规模随机双盲对照试验的形式，以更好地了解营养物质对不同人群和疾病类型的精神分裂症症状的影响。
