Hechtman L, Weiss G
Can J Psychiatry. 1986 Aug;31(6):557-67. doi: 10.1177/070674378603100614.
This is a fifteen year prospective controlled study of the non-medical drug and alcohol use and antisocial behaviour of 61 hyperactives, and 41 matched control subjects, (mean age 25 years). The data was collected from detailed interviews with the subjects as well as computerized court records to verify subjects reports. Generally hyperactives did not differ significantly from controls on current drug and alcohol use and antisocial behaviour. However one sees trends of greater drug alcohol and antisocial involvement in the hyperactive group. All the subjects who have antisocial behaviour at 15 year follow-up (mean age 25) had early and persistent histories of antisocial behaviour beginning at initial assessment (mean age 8) or at 5 year follow-up (mean age 13). However many hyperactives do not continue their antisocial behaviour into adulthood (mean age 25). There thus appears to be a small subgroup of hyperactive subjects who have more negative outcomes with significantly greater social, emotional and psychological difficulties. It is this subgroup which we need to identify early and treat vigorously.
这是一项为期15年的前瞻性对照研究，对象为61名多动症患者和41名匹配的对照对象（平均年龄25岁），研究内容是非医疗药物和酒精使用情况以及反社会行为。数据收集自对研究对象的详细访谈以及电脑化的法庭记录，以核实研究对象的报告。总体而言，多动症患者在当前药物和酒精使用以及反社会行为方面与对照组没有显著差异。然而，可以看到多动症患者群体在药物、酒精使用和反社会行为方面有更明显的趋势。在15年随访（平均年龄25岁）时有反社会行为的所有研究对象，在初次评估（平均年龄8岁）或5年随访（平均年龄13岁）时就有早期且持续的反社会行为史。然而，许多多动症患者成年后（平均年龄25岁）不再有反社会行为。因此，似乎有一小部分多动症患者有更负面的结果，在社会、情感和心理方面有明显更多的困难。正是这一亚组患者我们需要尽早识别并大力治疗。
