Ruiz-García Antonio, Serrano-Cumplido Adalberto, Escobar-Cervantes Carlos, Arranz-Martínez Ezequiel, Turégano-Yedro Miguel, Pallarés-Carratalá Vicente
Pinto Primary Care Center, Lipids and Cardiovascular Prevention Unit, University Health Centre, 28320 Madrid, Spain.
Department of Medicine, European University of Madrid, 28005 Madrid, Spain.
J Clin Med. 2023 Jul 26;12(15):4924. doi: 10.3390/jcm12154924.
Heart failure (HF) is a major health problem that causes high mortality and hospitalization rates. This study aims to determine the HF prevalence rates in populations aged both ≥18 years and ≥50 years and to assess its association with cardiovascular diseases and chronic kidney disease.
A cross-sectional observational study was conducted in a primary care setting, with a population-based random sample of 6588 people aged 18.0-102.8 years. Crude and adjusted prevalence rates of HF were calculated. The associations of renal and cardiometabolic factors with HF were assessed in both populations using univariate, bivariate and multivariate analysis.
The HF crude prevalence rates were 2.8% (95%CI: 2.4-3.2) in adults (≥18 years), and 4.6% (95%CI: 4.0-5.3) in the population aged ≥ 50 years, without significant differences between males and females in both populations. The age- and sex-adjusted prevalence rates were 2.1% (male: 1.9%; female: 2.3%) in the overall adult population, and 4.5% (male: 4.2%; female: 4.8%) in the population aged ≥ 50 years, reaching 10.0% in the population aged ≥ 70 years. Atrial fibrillation, hypertension, low estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR), coronary heart disease (CHD), stroke, sedentary lifestyle, and diabetes were independently associated with HF in both populations. A total of 95.7% (95%CI: 92.7-98.6) of the population with HF had an elevated cardiovascular risk.
This study reports that HF prevalence increases from 4.5% in the population over 50 years to 10% in the population over 70 years. The main clinical conditions that are HF-related are sedentary lifestyle, atrial fibrillation, hypertension, diabetes, low eGFR, stroke, and CHD.
心力衰竭（HF）是一个导致高死亡率和高住院率的主要健康问题。本研究旨在确定18岁及以上和50岁及以上人群中的心力衰竭患病率，并评估其与心血管疾病和慢性肾脏病的关联。
在基层医疗环境中进行了一项横断面观察性研究，以基于人群的随机抽样选取了6588名年龄在18.0至102.8岁之间的人。计算了心力衰竭的粗患病率和校正患病率。使用单变量、双变量和多变量分析评估了两个年龄段人群中肾脏和心脏代谢因素与心力衰竭的关联。
成年人（≥18岁）中心力衰竭的粗患病率为2.8%（95%置信区间：2.4 - 3.2），50岁及以上人群中为4.6%（95%置信区间：4.0 - 5.3），两个年龄段人群中男性和女性之间均无显著差异。总体成年人群中年龄和性别校正后的患病率为2.1%（男性：1.9%；女性：2.3%），50岁及以上人群中为4.5%（男性：4.2%；女性：4.8%），70岁及以上人群中达到10.0%。心房颤动、高血压、低估算肾小球滤过率（eGFR）、冠心病（CHD）、中风、久坐不动的生活方式和糖尿病在两个年龄段人群中均与心力衰竭独立相关。共有95.7%（95%置信区间：92.7 - 98.6）的心力衰竭患者心血管风险升高。
本研究报告称，心力衰竭患病率从50岁以上人群中的4.5%增加到70岁以上人群中的10%。与心力衰竭相关的主要临床情况是久坐不动的生活方式、心房颤动、高血压、糖尿病、低eGFR、中风和冠心病。
