Mętel Sylwia, Kostrzon Magdalena, Adamiak Justyna, Janus Paweł
Department of Motor Rehabilitation, Institute of Applied Sciences, University of Physical Education in Krakow, 31-571 Krakow, Poland.
'Wieliczka' Salt Mine Health Resort, 32-020 Wieliczka, Poland.
J Clin Med. 2023 Aug 4;12(15):5120. doi: 10.3390/jcm12155120.
Training the respiratory muscles is a crucial aspect of pulmonary rehabilitation. The purpose of this study was to assess the function of respiratory muscles in older adults both before and after a period of pulmonary rehabilitation and treatment stay within the underground chambers of a salt mine. A total of 50 patients aged 65 years and older with chronic respiratory conditions was enrolled in the study. These participants underwent a 3-week subterranean pulmonary rehabilitation (PR) program in the "Wieliczka" Salt Mine. Levels of sniff nasal inspiratory pressure (SNIP), maximum inspiratory pressure (MIP), and maximum expiratory pressure (MEP) were measured using the MicroRPM both before and after the outpatient PR program conducted 135 m underground. A total of 44 patients with a mean age of 68.8 ± 2.9 years who completed the PR program and tests were included in the analysis. The average changes in the parameters of pulmonary function before and after the PR were: MIP 8.8 cmHO, MEP 7.1 cmHO, and SNIP 11.2 cmHO (for < 0.05). For patients older than 70 years, beneficial changes were only observed for MEP, which increased by 9.3 cmHO (for < 0.05). Speleotherapy combined with pulmonary rehabilitation improves respiratory muscle function in older adults with chronic respiratory diseases, mainly in terms of MEP. Therefore, a greater emphasis on inspiratory muscle training in the rehabilitation program should be considered.
训练呼吸肌是肺康复的一个关键方面。本研究的目的是评估老年人在盐矿地下洞穴进行一段时间的肺康复和治疗前后呼吸肌的功能。共有50名65岁及以上患有慢性呼吸道疾病的患者参与了该研究。这些参与者在“维利奇卡”盐矿接受了为期3周的地下肺康复（PR）计划。在地下135米处进行门诊PR计划前后，使用MicroRPM测量嗅鼻吸气压力（SNIP）、最大吸气压力（MIP）和最大呼气压力（MEP）水平。共有44名平均年龄为68.8±2.9岁且完成PR计划和测试的患者纳入分析。PR前后肺功能参数的平均变化为：MIP 8.8 cmH₂O，MEP 7.1 cmH₂O，SNIP 11.2 cmH₂O（P<0.05）。对于70岁以上的患者，仅观察到MEP有有益变化，增加了9.3 cmH₂O（P<0.05）。洞穴疗法联合肺康复可改善患有慢性呼吸道疾病的老年人的呼吸肌功能，主要是在MEP方面。因此，应考虑在康复计划中更加强调吸气肌训练。
