Freidl Johanna, Huber Daniela, Braunschmid Herbert, Romodow Carina, Pichler Christina, Weisböck-Erdheim Renate, Mayr Michaela, Hartl Arnulf
Institute of Ecomedicine, Paracelsus Medical University Salzburg, 5020 Salzburg, Austria.
J Clin Med. 2020 Oct 15;9(10):3311. doi: 10.3390/jcm9103311.
(1) Background: The prevalence of allergic respiratory diseases is still rising and efforts towards holistic treatments should be made. Although speleotherapy is widely applied in Europe to treat chronic airway diseases, the existing scientific evidence is rather low. Recreational winter exercise has been shown to improve allergic airway inflammation, but little is known about the combined effects of speleotherapy and recreational winter exercise. (2) Methods: In this clinical study we investigated the effects of winter exercise and speleotherapy on adults with allergic rhinitis and/or asthma. The speleotherapy group (n = 23) participated in a ten-day combined winter exercise and speleotherapy program and the exercise group (n = 18) joined a full-day winter sports program. The effects on allergic airway inflammation, quality of life, spirometry and cardiorespiratory fitness were assessed. (3) Results: No significant effects were found for fractional exhaled nitric oxide or nasal nitric oxide. Quality of life ( < 0.001 time effect) and allergic symptoms ( < 0.001 time effect) were improved in the speleotherapy and in the exercise group. (4) Conclusions: Winter exercise alone and winter exercise in combination with speleotherapy improve quality of life and allergic symptoms in adults with allergic rhinitis and/or asthma. Further studies are required to investigate the specific effects of speleotherapy. To our knowledge, this is the first investigation examining speleotherapy in combination with winter exercise. Recreational outdoor winter exercise and speleotherapy may be recommended for highly functioning patients with good disease control.
（1）背景：过敏性呼吸道疾病的患病率仍在上升，应努力进行整体治疗。尽管洞穴疗法在欧洲被广泛应用于治疗慢性气道疾病，但现有的科学证据相当有限。冬季休闲运动已被证明可改善过敏性气道炎症，但关于洞穴疗法与冬季休闲运动的联合效果知之甚少。（2）方法：在这项临床研究中，我们调查了冬季运动和洞穴疗法对患有过敏性鼻炎和/或哮喘的成年人的影响。洞穴疗法组（n = 23）参加了为期十天的冬季运动与洞穴疗法联合项目，运动组（n = 18）参加了全天的冬季运动项目。评估了对过敏性气道炎症、生活质量、肺功能测定和心肺适能的影响。（3）结果：呼出一氧化氮分数或鼻一氧化氮未发现显著影响。洞穴疗法组和运动组的生活质量（时间效应<0.001）和过敏症状（时间效应<0.001）均得到改善。（4）结论：单独的冬季运动以及冬季运动与洞穴疗法相结合可改善患有过敏性鼻炎和/或哮喘的成年人的生活质量和过敏症状。需要进一步研究以调查洞穴疗法的具体效果。据我们所知，这是首次研究洞穴疗法与冬季运动相结合的情况。对于疾病控制良好的功能健全的患者，可推荐进行户外冬季休闲运动和洞穴疗法。
