Department of Philosophy, Social Sciences and Education, University of Perugia, Perugia, Piazza Ermini 1, 06123 Perugia, Italy.
Department of Developmental Psychology and Socialization, University of Padova, 06123 Padova, Italy.
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2023 Aug 5;20(15):6527. doi: 10.3390/ijerph20156527.
The delay of gratification (DoG) is defined as the willingness to forego immediate satisfaction to achieve greater long-term gratification. This ability is essential in adolescence, as its development is crucial against desirable versus undesirable behaviors. This study investigated the psychometric proprieties of the Delaying Gratification Inventory (DGI) in Italian adolescents. A total of 621 Italian adolescents, ranging from 14 to 17 years old ( = 15.92, = 1.05; 47.7% boys), participated in the study. Confirmatory factor analysis identified a four-factor structure (delay of gratification concerning Food, Social Interaction, Money, and Achievement). The reliability of the Italian DGI was acceptable. Measurement invariance across gender was supported. Boys reached a higher DoG score in the Food subscale and a lower score in the Social Interaction and Achievement subscales than girls. Moreover, the Italian DGI dimensions were all positively correlated with self-control and prosocial behavior. Except for the Social Interaction subscale, positive correlations were found between the Food, Money, and Achievement subscales and self-esteem. The present findings suggest that the Italian DGI could be used for assessing DoG ability, a key regulatory ability that promotes healthy behaviors in adolescence.
延迟满足（DoG）被定义为愿意放弃即时满足以实现更大的长期满足。这种能力在青春期至关重要，因为它的发展对于区分可取和不可取的行为至关重要。本研究调查了意大利青少年延迟满足量表（DGI）的心理测量特性。共有 621 名年龄在 14 至 17 岁之间的意大利青少年（ = 15.92， = 1.05；47.7%为男性）参与了这项研究。验证性因素分析确定了一个四因素结构（与食物、社会互动、金钱和成就有关的延迟满足）。意大利 DGI 的可靠性是可以接受的。性别之间的测量不变性得到了支持。与女孩相比，男孩在食物分量表上的 DoG 得分更高，在社会互动和成就分量表上的得分更低。此外，意大利 DGI 的各个维度都与自我控制和亲社会行为呈正相关。除了社会互动分量表，食物、金钱和成就分量表与自尊之间也存在正相关。本研究结果表明，意大利 DGI 可用于评估延迟满足能力，这是一种促进青少年健康行为的关键调节能力。
