College of Management Science, Chengdu University of Technology, Chengdu 610059, China.
College of Management Science, Chengdu University of Technology, Chengdu 610059, China; College of Environment and Civil Engineering, Chengdu University of Technology, Chengdu 610059, China.
Public Health. 2023 Oct;223:7-14. doi: 10.1016/j.puhe.2023.07.005. Epub 2023 Aug 10.
In the new era of China, to ensure that rural residents can get the corresponding institutional elderly services equally, it is necessary to investigate the current situation of resource allocation of rural institutional elderly care and make corresponding adaptation suggestions.
This research discusses the characteristics and evolution pattern of rural aging, the resource allocation of rural elderly care institutions, and the adaptation degree of rural institutional elderly care resource and aging.
The research methodology consists of the following stages: entropy-based Technique for Order Preference by Similarity to an Ideal Solution (TOPSIS), kernel density estimation, coupling coordination, spatial autocorrelation, and Theil index decomposition.
The degree of aging in rural areas of China is rising, and the whole population has entered a moderate aging society, showing the spatial characteristics of 'high in the east and low in the west'. The resource allocation of rural institutional elderly care in China is at a low level, and the absolute differences among provinces tend to reduce over time, and the overall resource allocation level tends to decline. The provinces that were in the mismatched adaptation relationship in the early stage have improved; however, the number of provinces with mismatched adaptability has continued to increase. The local spatial autocorrelation of resource adaptation verifies that the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River as the core form a hot spot, and during the observation period, the spatial agglomeration effect of the core is strengthened. The Theil index decomposition of resource adaptation indicates that the within-group differences between the eastern and western regions is significantly higher than that between the northeastern and central regions.
First, special attention should be paid to preventing the resource allocation of rural institutional elderly care in the eastern and western regions from falling again. Second, to avoid more and more low-adapted provinces falling into the 'mismatch dilemma' with the deepening of the aging degree. Third, strengthen cooperation among regions and promote the coordinated development of resource allocation of institutional elderly care in various regions. Fourth, the priority of institutional elderly care balanced development should be given to the eastern region and western region, thus weakening the overall difference.
在中国新时代，要确保农村居民能够平等获得相应的机构养老服务，有必要调查农村机构养老资源的配置现状，并提出相应的适应建议。
本研究探讨了农村老龄化的特点和演变模式、农村养老机构的资源配置以及农村机构养老资源与老龄化的适应程度。
该研究的方法包括基于熵的逼近理想解排序法（TOPSIS）、核密度估计、耦合协调度、空间自相关和泰尔指数分解。
中国农村地区的老龄化程度正在上升，整个人口已经进入中度老龄化社会，呈现出“东高西低”的空间特征。中国农村机构养老资源配置水平较低，且各省之间的绝对差距随时间推移呈下降趋势，整体资源配置水平呈下降趋势。在早期处于不匹配适应关系的省份已经有所改善；然而，不适应的省份数量继续增加。资源适应的局部空间自相关验证了以长江中下游为核心形成热点的事实，并且在观察期间，核心的空间集聚效应得到了加强。资源适应的泰尔指数分解表明，东西部地区之间的组内差异明显高于东北和中部地区之间的差异。
首先，应特别关注防止农村机构养老资源配置在东部和西部地区再次下降。其次，要避免越来越多适应能力较低的省份在老龄化程度加深的情况下陷入“不匹配困境”。第三，加强区域间合作，促进各地区机构养老资源配置的协调发展。第四，应优先考虑东部和西部地区机构养老平衡发展，从而削弱整体差异。
