Manzoor Subaya, Nabi Sajad Un, Baranwal Virendra K, Verma Mahendra K, Parveen Shugufta, Rather Tariq Rasool, Raja Wasim H, Shafi Mansoor
Division of Plant Pathology, FOA-SKUAST-K, Wadura, 193201, India.
ICAR-Central Institute of Temperate Horticulture, Srinagar, 191132, India.
Virology. 2023 Oct;587:109846. doi: 10.1016/j.virol.2023.109846. Epub 2023 Aug 11.
Apple mosaic is widely distributed disease throughout the apple growing regions leading to the major adverse effects both qualitatively and quantitatively. Earlier the apple mosaic virus-ApMV was regarded as the only causal agent of the disease, but recently a novel virus apple necrotic mosaic virus-ApNMV have been reported as the causal pathogen from various apple growing countries. Accurate diagnosis of disease and detection of ApMV and ApNMV are of utmost importance, because without this ability we can neither understand nor control this disease. Both the viruses are mostly controlled through quarantine, isolation, sanitation and certification programs depending on sensitive and specific detection methods available. Here we review the 100-year progress in research on apple mosaic disease, which includes history, yield losses, causal agents, their genome organization, replication, traditional to recent detection methods, transmission, distribution and host range of associated viruses and management of the disease.
苹果花叶病在整个苹果种植区广泛分布，在质量和数量上都会导致严重的不良影响。早些时候，苹果花叶病毒（ApMV）被认为是该病的唯一病原体，但最近，一种新型病毒——苹果坏死花叶病毒（ApNMV）已被多个苹果种植国家报道为致病病原体。准确诊断该病以及检测ApMV和ApNMV至关重要，因为没有这种能力，我们既无法了解也无法控制这种疾病。这两种病毒大多通过检疫、隔离、卫生和认证计划进行控制，具体取决于可用的灵敏且特异的检测方法。在此，我们回顾了苹果花叶病100年的研究进展，包括其历史、产量损失、病原体、基因组结构、复制、从传统到最新的检测方法、传播、相关病毒的分布和寄主范围以及该病的防治。
