Simonsen O, Bentzon M W, Heron I
J Biol Stand. 1986 Jul;14(3):231-9. doi: 10.1016/0092-1157(86)90008-9.
Serum samples from 727 persons with different vaccination histories were assessed for tetanus antitoxin content in an enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and tested for tetanus toxin neutralization activity in mice in order to compare the results obtained by the two methods. Neutralizing antibody activities in sera from individuals previously completely vaccinated correlated well with results obtained by ELISA and the accuracy increased with increasing antitoxin concentration in serum. This correlation was observed in sera from persons vaccinated recently as well as in sera from persons vaccinated many years ago. In sera from persons with an incomplete vaccination history ELISA was found to be an unreliable tool for the prediction of in vivo results. Many of these sera had antitoxin levels by ELISA far above the in vivo values, probably due to the presence of non specific or low avidity antitoxin which is detected in ELISA. The lowest ELISA value reliably predictive of protective antibody activity in serum irrespective of vaccination history was found to be 0.16 IU/ml. It was concluded that ELISA is useful for larger population studies as an initial test, but sera with an antitoxin content below 0.16 IU/ml should also be assessed in a neutralization system.
采用酶联免疫吸附测定（ELISA）对727名具有不同疫苗接种史的人员的血清样本进行破伤风抗毒素含量评估，并在小鼠中检测破伤风毒素中和活性，以便比较两种方法所得结果。先前已完全接种疫苗的个体血清中的中和抗体活性与ELISA所得结果高度相关，且随着血清中抗毒素浓度的增加，准确性也随之提高。在近期接种疫苗的人员血清以及多年前接种疫苗的人员血清中均观察到这种相关性。在接种史不完整的人员血清中，发现ELISA是预测体内结果的不可靠工具。许多此类血清通过ELISA检测的抗毒素水平远高于体内值，这可能是由于存在非特异性或低亲和力抗毒素，而ELISA能够检测到这些抗毒素。无论疫苗接种史如何，血清中能够可靠预测保护性抗体活性的最低ELISA值为0.16 IU/ml。得出的结论是，ELISA作为初步检测方法对大规模人群研究有用，但抗毒素含量低于0.16 IU/ml的血清也应在中和系统中进行评估。
