体育活动干预措施是否能有效提高儿童和青少年的健康相关生活质量？系统评价和荟萃分析。
Are Physical Activity Interventions Effective in Improving Health-Related Quality of Life in Children and Adolescents? A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.
机构信息
Health and Social Research Center, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, Cuenca, Castilla-La Mancha, Spain.
Faculty of Nursing, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, Ciudad Real, Castilla-La Mancha, Spain.
出版信息
Sports Health. 2024 Nov-Dec;16(6):877-885. doi: 10.1177/19417381231190885. Epub 2023 Aug 22.
CONTEXT
Physical activity (PA) interventions improve well-being and positive mental health in children and adolescents, but the results of previous systematic reviews included participants with chronic medical conditions and did not accurately assess the multidimensional nature of health-related quality of life (HRQoL).
OBJECTIVE
The aims of this meta-analysis were to (1) evaluate the effects of PA interventions on several domains of HRQoL in healthy <18-year-olds and (2) examine the effectiveness of interventions on HRQoL according to whether they were successful in increasing PA, the type of intervention delivered, and the duration of the intervention.
DATA SOURCES
PubMed (Medline), EMBASE, the Cochrane Library, SCIELO, SPORTDiscus, and PEDro databases were systematically searched from inception to September 30, 2022.
STUDY SELECTION
Experimental studies that examined the effectiveness of PA interventions on HRQoL participants aged <18 years.
STUDY DESIGN
Systematic review with meta-analysis and meta-regression.
LEVEL OF EVIDENCE
Level 1.
METHODS
Random-effects models were used to calculate pooled effect size (ES) for total HRQoL score and its dimensions. Subgroup analyses were conducted to examine the effect of PA program characteristics.
RESULTS
A total of 17 studies were included. Pooled ES (95% CI) estimations were as follows: 0.179 (0.045, 0.002) for total HRQoL score, 0.192 (0.077, 0.306) for physical well-being, 0.158 (0.080, 0.237) for psychological well-being, 0.118 (0.044, 0.192) for autonomy and parent relation, 0.135 (0.043, 0.227) for social support and peers, and 0.129 (-0.013, 0.270) for school environment. Subgroup analyses suggested there were no differences in the effectiveness of the interventions by category of PA increase or by type and duration of intervention.
CONCLUSION
Exercise interventions are an effective strategy for improving overall HRQoL and its most significant domains in children and adolescents.
背景
身体活动（PA）干预措施可改善儿童和青少年的幸福感和积极心理健康，但之前的系统评价结果包括患有慢性疾病的参与者，并且没有准确评估与健康相关的生活质量（HRQoL）的多维性质。
目的
本荟萃分析的目的是（1）评估 PA 干预措施对健康的<18 岁儿童 HRQoL 几个领域的影响，以及（2）根据 PA 增加的成功程度、干预措施的类型和干预措施的持续时间，检查干预措施对 HRQoL 的有效性。
数据来源
从成立到 2022 年 9 月 30 日，系统地检索了 PubMed（Medline）、EMBASE、Cochrane 图书馆、SCIELO、SPORTDiscus 和 PEDro 数据库。
研究选择
检查 PA 干预措施对 HRQoL 参与者的有效性的实验研究年龄<18 岁。
研究设计
系统评价与荟萃分析和荟萃回归。
证据水平
一级。
方法
使用随机效应模型计算总 HRQoL 评分及其维度的汇总效应大小（ES）。进行了亚组分析以检查 PA 计划特征的影响。
结果
共纳入 17 项研究。汇总 ES（95%CI）估计值如下：总 HRQoL 评分为 0.179（0.045，0.002），身体幸福感为 0.192（0.077，0.306），心理幸福感为 0.158（0.080，0.237），自主和父母关系为 0.118（0.044，0.192），社会支持和同伴为 0.135（0.043，0.227），学校环境为 0.129（-0.013，0.270）。亚组分析表明，按 PA 增加的类别或干预的类型和持续时间，干预措施的效果没有差异。
结论
运动干预是改善儿童和青少年整体 HRQoL 及其最重要领域的有效策略。
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