中国与变应性鼻炎相关的常见变应原及免疫反应

Li Qirong, Zhang Xinyi, Feng Qiang, Zhou Hengzong, Ma Chaoyang, Lin Chao, Wang Dongxu, Yin Jianmei

Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, the First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, People's Republic of China.

Laboratory Animal Center, College of Animal Science, Jilin University, Changchun, People's Republic of China.

J Asthma Allergy. 2023 Aug 17;16:851-861. doi: 10.2147/JAA.S420328. eCollection 2023.

Allergic rhinitis (AR) is a chronic allergic disease of the upper respiratory system that affects approximately 10-40% of the global population. Due to the large number of plant pollen allergens with obvious seasonal variations, AR is common in China. AR is primarily caused by the abnormal regulation of the immune system. Its pathophysiological mechanism involves a series of immune cells and immune mediators, including cytokines. The present review summarizes the common allergens in China and the complex pathophysiological mechanism of AR. Additionally, host allergen contact, signal transduction, immune cell activation, cytokine release, and a series of inflammatory reactions are described according to their sequence of occurrence.

变应性鼻炎（AR）是一种上呼吸道慢性变应性疾病，全球约10%-40%的人口受其影响。由于大量植物花粉过敏原具有明显的季节性变化，AR在中国很常见。AR主要由免疫系统的异常调节引起。其病理生理机制涉及一系列免疫细胞和免疫介质，包括细胞因子。本综述总结了中国常见的变应原以及AR复杂的病理生理机制。此外，还按照发生顺序描述了宿主与变应原的接触、信号转导、免疫细胞激活、细胞因子释放以及一系列炎症反应。