University Medical Center Mainz, Department for Cardiology 1, Molecular Cardiology, Mainz, Germany.
University Medical Center Mainz, Department for Cardiology 1, Molecular Cardiology, Mainz, Germany; DZHK (German Center for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Rhine-Main, Mainz, Germany.
Mech Ageing Dev. 2023 Sep;214:111857. doi: 10.1016/j.mad.2023.111857. Epub 2023 Aug 21.
The world population is aging rapidly, and by some estimates, the number of people older than 60 will double in the next 30 years. With the increase in life expectancy, adverse effects of environmental exposures start playing a more prominent role in human health. Air pollution is now widely considered the most detrimental of all environmental risk factors, with some studies estimating that almost 20% of all deaths globally could be attributed to poor air quality. Cardiovascular diseases are the leading cause of death worldwide and will continue to account for the most significant percentage of non-communicable disease burden. Cardiovascular aging with defined pathomechanisms is a major trigger of cardiovascular disease in old age. Effects of environmental risk factors on cardiovascular aging should be considered in order to increase the health span and reduce the burden of cardiovascular disease in older populations. In this review, we explore the effects of air pollution on cardiovascular aging, from the molecular mechanisms to cardiovascular manifestations of aging and, finally, the age-related cardiovascular outcomes. We also explore the distinction between the effects of air pollution on healthy aging and disease progression. Future efforts should focus on extending the health span rather than the lifespan.
世界人口正在迅速老龄化，据一些估计，未来 30 年内，60 岁以上人口数量将翻一番。随着预期寿命的延长，环境暴露的不良影响在人类健康中开始发挥更突出的作用。空气污染现在被广泛认为是所有环境风险因素中最具危害性的因素，一些研究估计，全球近 20%的死亡可归因于空气质量差。心血管疾病是全球范围内的主要死因，并且将继续占非传染性疾病负担的最大比例。具有明确病理机制的心血管衰老，是老年人心血管疾病的主要触发因素。为了增加健康寿命并减轻老年人群中心血管疾病的负担，应考虑环境风险因素对心血管衰老的影响。在这篇综述中，我们探讨了空气污染对心血管衰老的影响，从分子机制到衰老的心血管表现，最后探讨了与年龄相关的心血管结局。我们还探讨了空气污染对健康衰老和疾病进展的影响之间的区别。未来的研究应侧重于延长健康寿命，而不是延长寿命。
