开发和评估用于产后自我管理健康和幸福感的数字问卷的心理测量特性。
Development and evaluation of the psychometric properties of a digital questionnaire for the self-management of health and well-being in the postpartum period.
机构信息
University of the Basque Country, Barrio Sarriena, S/N, 48940, Leioa, Spain.
Paola Bully Methodological and Statistical Consultant, C/ Barrio La Sota, Sopuerta, 48190, Spain.
出版信息
BMC Pregnancy Childbirth. 2023 Aug 25;23(1):610. doi: 10.1186/s12884-023-05899-6.
BACKGROUND
Despite the fact that the Global Strategy for Women's, Children's and Adolescents' Health (2016-2030) recognises the special importance of care for women during the postpartum period, thus highlighting the need to identify and measure any condition that may affect the welfare of pregnant women in any way, this is one of the most neglected stages in the health system. Given the absence in our area of global, efficient instruments, the objective of this study was to design a complete, specific measurement tool with good metric qualities in digital format for the evaluation of self-reported health and well-being during the puerperium, to conform to what was proposed by the ICHOM.
METHODS
A cross-sectional study was carried out to evaluate the psychometric characteristics of a digital measurement tool. The development of the tool was carried out in 4 steps, following the recommendations of the International Test Commission. It was tested on 280 puerperas attending primary healthcare appointments in the Basque Healthcare System (Osakidetza), and they did the newly created survey, answering all the questions that had been selected as the gold standard. The average age of the women was 34.93 (SD = 4.80). The analysis of the psychometric characteristics was based on mixed procedures of expert judgment (a focus group of healthcare professionals, an item evaluation questionnaire and interviews with users) and quantitative evaluations (EFA, CFA, and correlation with gold standard, ordinal alpha and McDonald's omega).
RESULTS
The final version of the tool comprised 99 items that evaluate functional state, incontinence, sexuality, breastfeeding, adaptation to the role of mother and mental health, and all of these questions can be used globally or partially. It was found that the scores were valid and reliable, which gives metric guarantees for using the tool in our area.
CONCLUSIONS
The use of this comprehensive concise tool with good psychometric properties will allow women to take stock of their situation, assess if they have the necessary resources, in psychological and social terms, and work together with midwives and other healthcare professionals on the most deficient areas.
背景
尽管全球妇女、儿童和青少年健康战略（2016-2030 年）认识到妇女产后护理的特殊重要性，从而强调需要确定和衡量任何可能以任何方式影响孕妇福利的情况，但这是卫生系统中最被忽视的阶段之一。由于我们地区缺乏全球高效工具，因此本研究的目的是设计一种完整的、特定的、具有良好度量质量的数字格式工具，用于评估产妇期间的自我报告健康和幸福感，以符合 ICHOM 的建议。
方法
进行了一项横断面研究，以评估数字测量工具的心理计量学特征。该工具的开发分 4 个步骤进行，遵循国际测试委员会的建议。它在巴斯克医疗保健系统（Osakidetza）就诊的 280 名产妇中进行了测试，她们完成了新创建的调查，回答了所有被选为黄金标准的问题。女性的平均年龄为 34.93（SD=4.80）。心理计量学特征的分析基于专家判断的混合程序（医疗保健专业人员焦点小组、项目评估问卷和用户访谈）和定量评估（EFA、CFA 以及与黄金标准、有序 alpha 和 McDonald's omega 的相关性）。
结果
工具的最终版本包括 99 个项目，用于评估功能状态、失禁、性行为、母乳喂养、适应母亲角色和心理健康，所有这些问题都可以全球或部分使用。结果发现，评分具有有效性和可靠性，这为在我们地区使用该工具提供了度量保证。
结论
使用这种具有良好心理计量学特性的全面简洁工具，将使妇女能够评估自己的状况，评估她们在心理和社会方面是否拥有必要的资源，并与助产士和其他医疗保健专业人员一起解决最欠缺的领域。
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