Sakr Hussein F, Sirasanagandla Srinivasa Rao, Das Srijit, Bima Abdulhadi I, Elsamanoudy Ayman Z
Department of Physiology, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Sultan Qaboos University, Muscat 123, Oman.
Department of Human and Clinical Anatomy, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Sultan Qaboos University, Muscat 123, Oman.
Biomedicines. 2023 Aug 15;11(8):2271. doi: 10.3390/biomedicines11082271.
Factors such as aging, an unhealthy lifestyle with decreased physical activity, snacking, a standard Western diet, and smoking contribute to raising blood pressure to a dangerous level, increasing the risk of coronary artery disease and heart failure. Atherosclerosis, or aging of the blood vessels, is a physiological process that has accelerated in the last decades by the overconsumption of carbohydrates as the primary sources of caloric intake, resulting in increased triglycerides and VLDL-cholesterol and insulin spikes. Classically, medications ranging from beta blockers to angiotensin II blockers and even calcium channel blockers were used alone or in combination with lifestyle modifications as management tools in modern medicine to control arterial blood pressure. However, it is not easy to control blood pressure or the associated complications. A low-carbohydrate, high-fat (LCHF) diet can reduce glucose and insulin spikes, improve insulin sensitivity, and lessen atherosclerosis risk factors. We reviewed articles describing the etiology of insulin resistance (IR) and its impact on arterial blood pressure from databases including PubMed, PubMed Central, and Google Scholar. We discuss how the LCHF diet is beneficial to maintaining arterial blood pressure at normal levels, slowing down the progression of atherosclerosis, and reducing the use of antihypertensive medications. The mechanisms involved in IR associated with hypertension are also highlighted.
衰老、运动量减少的不健康生活方式、吃零食、西式标准饮食以及吸烟等因素会导致血压升高至危险水平，增加冠状动脉疾病和心力衰竭的风险。动脉粥样硬化，即血管老化，是一个生理过程，在过去几十年中，由于将碳水化合物作为主要热量摄入来源的过度消费而加速，导致甘油三酯、极低密度脂蛋白胆固醇升高以及胰岛素激增。传统上，从β受体阻滞剂到血管紧张素II阻滞剂甚至钙通道阻滞剂等药物单独使用或与生活方式改变相结合，作为现代医学中控制动脉血压的管理工具。然而，控制血压或相关并发症并不容易。低碳水化合物、高脂肪（LCHF）饮食可以减少葡萄糖和胰岛素激增，提高胰岛素敏感性，并降低动脉粥样硬化风险因素。我们从包括PubMed、PubMed Central和谷歌学术搜索在内的数据库中检索了描述胰岛素抵抗（IR）病因及其对动脉血压影响的文章。我们讨论了LCHF饮食如何有利于将动脉血压维持在正常水平，减缓动脉粥样硬化的进展，并减少抗高血压药物的使用。还强调了与高血压相关的IR所涉及的机制。
