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环境会影响幼儿的血压:日本环境与儿童研究。

Environments affect blood pressure in toddlers: The Japan Environment and Children's Study.

机构信息

Department of Development and Environmental Medicine, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan.

Department of Pediatrics, Iwate Prefectural Iwai Hospital, Ichinoseki, Japan.

出版信息

Pediatr Res. 2024 Jan;95(1):367-376. doi: 10.1038/s41390-023-02796-8. Epub 2023 Aug 26.

Abstract

BACKGROUND

The primary objective of this study was to examine risk factors for toddler's hypertension.

METHODS

Subjects of this study were children and parents participating in a national birth cohort study in Japan, the Japan Environment and Children's Study. We measured the children's blood pressure (BP) at 2 and 4 years old. We obtained children's and parents' backgrounds from the questionnaire. We investigated the factors that affect BP elevation.

RESULTS

Within 4988 participants, the mean systolic BP at 2 years old was 91.2 mmHg for boys and 90.0 mmHg for girls. The mean systolic BP at 4 years old was 93.8 mmHg for boys and 93.1 mmHg for girls. Parental smoking was associated with elevated values of BP at 2 and 4 years old. Obesity, gestational hypertension, and parental lower education were associated with elevated values of BP at 4 years old. Hypertensive group had a significantly higher obesity rate. The mother's lower education and parental smoking were involved in hypertensive groups.

CONCLUSION

Parental smoking had a significant effect on BP even in early toddlers. We emphasize the importance of avoiding second-hand smoking from early infancy to prevent future lifestyle-related illnesses including hypertension.

IMPACT

The mean systolic BP at 2 years old was 91.2 mmHg for boys and 90.0 mmHg for girls. The mean systolic BP at 4 years old was 93.8 mmHg for boys and 93.1 mmHg for girls. Obesity, parental smoking, and lower education were associated with hypertension at 4 years old. Parental smoking was associated with hypertension at 2 and 4 years old. We emphasize the importance of avoiding second-hand smoking from early infancy.

摘要

背景

本研究的主要目的是探讨幼儿高血压的危险因素。

方法

本研究的对象为参加日本全国出生队列研究——日本环境与儿童研究的儿童及其父母。我们在儿童 2 岁和 4 岁时测量其血压(BP)。我们从问卷调查中获取儿童及其父母的背景信息。我们调查了影响 BP 升高的因素。

结果

在 4988 名参与者中,男孩 2 岁时的平均收缩压为 91.2mmHg,女孩为 90.0mmHg;男孩 4 岁时的平均收缩压为 93.8mmHg,女孩为 93.1mmHg。父母吸烟与儿童 2 岁和 4 岁时的 BP 升高值有关。肥胖、妊娠期高血压和父母受教育程度较低与儿童 4 岁时的 BP 升高值有关。高血压组肥胖率显著较高。母亲受教育程度较低和父母吸烟与高血压组有关。

结论

即使在幼儿期,父母吸烟对 BP 也有显著影响。我们强调从婴儿早期开始避免二手烟的重要性,以预防包括高血压在内的未来与生活方式相关的疾病。

影响

男孩 2 岁时的平均收缩压为 91.2mmHg,女孩为 90.0mmHg;男孩 4 岁时的平均收缩压为 93.8mmHg,女孩为 93.1mmHg。肥胖、父母吸烟和受教育程度较低与 4 岁时的高血压有关。父母吸烟与儿童 2 岁和 4 岁时的高血压有关。我们强调从婴儿早期开始避免二手烟的重要性。

https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/784a/10798899/69579e76241c/41390_2023_2796_Fig1_HTML.jpg

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